;;One poem by this author ends by declaring "Large resolutions, little deeds / Thus, filled with aims unreached, life speeds until the blotted record reads, 'Failure!' at last." That poem is "Ghosts of the Old Year" which follows a piece entitled "If I Were Paris." Another poem by this author directs "let us here erect a stone, to mark the place, to mark the time," adding "let that stone an altar be, whereon thanksgivings we may lay." In "Saint Peter Relates an Incident of the Resurrection Day," he satirically presents a gathering at the tomb of the Unknown Soldier. This author of Along This Way and Fifty Years and Other Poems is better known for a novel about a character who takes a job at a cigar factory in Jacksonville as a "reader" before moving to New York to play ragtime and bearing witness to a lynching. FTP, name this author of God's Trombones and Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man.;;(James) (Weldon) Johnson
;;One text on this subject considers how the forces involved in this phenomenon, called Bjerknes forces, cause certain structures to approach the Blake pressure. An advance allowing a simple, stable system exhibiting this phenomenon was made by Gaitan and Crum. The entities concerned in this phenomenon are described by the Keller equation, which considers viscosity and compressibility, or the simpler Rayleigh-Plesset equation. Schwinger theorizes that this phenomenon emerges due to the dynamic Casimir effect, and, more concretely, this phenomenon can be said to emerge from cavitation. FTP, name this phenomenon in which bubbles stimulated by sound waves emit light.;;sonoluminescence
;;This man served as a ticket taker at the Theatre des Varietes before being kicked out for repeated theft, though he often boasted of the time he spent as a furnace merchant, and promoted the imagery of twin furnaces as a trademark symbol. He married former nun Marie Goupil whom he met at the Fraternal Society of Patriots of Both Sexes, prior to him being named deputy procureur at the Paris Commune as a member of the Cordeliers. Known for circulating an image of a man holding a hatchet and a revolver and standing over a kneeling priest, he referred to himself as the original Pere Duchesne. He's also the namesake of a political party embraced by the sans-culottes, leading to his death by guillotine in 1794. FTP, name this radical and often obscene journalist of the French Revolution.;;(Jacques(-)Rene) Hebert
;;Journet et al found that, in leaf mitochondria, the addition of this compound helps inhibit oxygen consumption during amino acid oxidation. The reaction of the 2-pyrone in macrophomic acid synthesis sees this compound decarboxylated and coordinated to a magnesium ion before either a Michael addition or a Diels-Alder sequence. An acyltransferase forms 2-methylcitrate from propanoyl-CoA and from this compound. A carboxykinase in the mesophyll forms this compound from carbon dioxide and PEP. In the urea cycle, alpha-ketoglutarate and aspartate react with a transaminase to give glutamate and this compound. It naturally forms pyruvate over time, especially when aided by its namesake decarboxylase. FTP, identify this four-carbon dicarboxylic acid, which is formed in the oxidation of malate and which, in the first step of the Krebs cycle, reacts with acetyl-CoA to form citrate.;;oxaloacetate
;;One passage in this work concerns a man who keeps wild birds in an aviary at his home - in one sense, the man has the birds because he possesses them, but in another sense he only has the birds under his control. Early on, the work claims that the midwife is the "true and only matchmaker," - unlike a procuress, a midwife knows the difference between a true birth and a wind-egg. The work begins with Terpsion meeting Eucleides outside of his house in Megara, where we hear that the title figure is suffering from dysentery. That figure is asked to define a syllable and to define the letters that compose a syllable - that passage, often called the "Dream Theory" or "Dream of Socrates," suggests that simple objects may only be perceived and not known, after this work defines knowledge as true judgment plus an account. FTP, name this Platonic dialogue which, like the Meno, concerns a mathematician and his theory of knowledge.;;Theaetetus
;;This U.S. state passed the Fernald Law, making it illegal to export hydroelectric power out of state. In the 1920s, it was led by Governor Owen Brewster, who succeeded Percival Baxter with the backing of the Ku Klux Klan. Two million acres of its land was known as the Bingham Purchase, for William Bingham, and its native sons include Treasury Secretary William Pitt Fessenden. The June Riot was an uprising against a mayor in this state, the future presidential candidate Neal Dow, who sponsored an 1851law named for this state which banned sale or manufacture of alcohol. Also the birthplace of House Speaker Thomas "Czar" Reed, a noted Senator from this state opposed McCarthyism with her "Declaration of Conscience" speech - that was Margaret Chase Smith. Also the home state of a man exposed by the Mulligan Letters, FTP, name this birthplace of a certain "continental liar," James Blaine, whose boundaries were disputed during the Aroostook War.;;Maine
;;One convention sometimes named for this man is dealt with by an algorithm that begins by converting to prenex normal form, then counting the number of quantifier alternations; that algorithm is named for Tarski and Kuratowski and that convention is connected to Turing degrees by Post's theorem, the arithmetical hierarchy of sets. This man sometimes names a logic with an "unknown" value as well as an s-m-n theorem. He also names a unary operation on a set of strings that returns the smallest superset that returns the empty string and is closed under concatenation, known as his namesake star. He is best known, along with the man who proved that the nth prime is greater than n ln n, for a function f that, given x, returns not x of x, and so applying it to itself, say f of f returns not f of f, a paradox that some resolved by introducing types to the lambda calculus. FTP, name this mathematician who names a paradox with Rosser.;;(Stephen) (Cole) Kleene
;;At one point, this character gets in trouble when he lets a pet Myna bird named Elvis fly out the window after it had been making fun of him. In another incarnation, his neighbor Clarence Appleton spreads rumors that he's having an affair with Tracy King. Originally created in a novel by Gwen Davenport, his name gets comically mispronounced by Angela Shostakovich as a constant joke. He appears in an SNL sketch, where he's nicknamed Brocktoon and Chris Farley suggests keeping the actor who played him in a big jar in his basement, at a fan club chaired by Tom Hanks. In two movie sequels, he "Goes to College" and "Rings the Bell," after first appearing in the film Sitting Pretty, where he was played by Clifton Webb. He took a job working for sportscaster George Owens, played by Bob Uecker, while he was played by unlikely sitcom star Christopher Hewett. FTP, name this proper British dude who warmed our hearts as a housekeeper on TV in the 80s.;;(Lynn) (Aloysius) (Mr(.)) Belvedere
;;This composer is the subject of a work by Kathryn Bailey subtitled "Old Forms in a New Language." His Quartet for clarinet, saxophone, piano, & violin was composed for the 60th birthday of architect Adolf Loos. This tutor of British composer Humphrey Searle had his "Slow Movement" piece for string quartet inspired by a hiking trip with his future wife Wilhelmine Mortl. The twinkle in the eyes of his daughter Amelie reportedly led him to create his cantata Das Augenlicht which was, like several of his pieces, drawn from the poetry of Hildegard Jone. Also known for atonal work based on poetry of Stefan George, FTP, name this student of Arnold Schoenberg, an Austrian composer of the twelve-tone school who was killed in 1945 by an Allied soldier.;;(Anton) (von) Webern
;;This compound is secreted by Entamoeba histolytica in the intestines, and a change in body color from green to black and brown accompanies this compound's triggering of swarming behavior in locusts. The gastrointestinal tract features its secretion by enterochromaffin cells. A major receptor for this compound is the only one in a family of seven that is a sodium/potassium pump, is found in vagus nerve terminals, and is antagonized by antiemetics like ondansetron. Flushed skin and diarrhea occur in patients with carcinoid tumors that secrete this hormone. This hormone is released by the raphe nucleus, and the aforementioned major receptor for this compound is 5-HT3. FTP, name this monoamine neurotransmitter whose reuptake is selectively inhibited by a class of antidepressant drugs.;;serotonin
;;A historian writes that, when this emperor was threatened by a conspiracy of Calpurnius Crassus, he gave his cohorts swords and sat next to them at the games to prove he was unafraid. He replaced Acilius Aviola as head of the water supply with Sextus Julius Frontinus, author of a text on water management. He's credited with developing the system of alimenta, giving cash to families with children from mortgaged lands. His name adorns the Forum Transitorium that he dedicated, connecting the Forum of Augustus with the Forum and Peace. Supporters of the previous emperor revolted against him under Casperius Aelianus, who raided the Imperial Palace and took him hostage, after which this already-elderly man died of a stroke in the Gardens of Sallust. FTP, name this successor of Domitian, who was the first of the five good emperors and adopted Trajan to succeed him.;;(Marcus) (Cocceius) Nerva
;;Second-order parameters for systems approximated by this model are often extrapolated from Birge-Sponer plots. The highly excited states of qubits have a larger Lamb shift than ac Stark shift because those excited states more closely resemble a pair of these systems coupled than the ground states. A more accurate model of microwave spectroscopy modifies B with a factor of minus alpha times the sum of one-half and this system's quantum number to account for this system's interactions with the rigid rotor. It is often used to approximate a Morse potential, whose horizontal asymptote is equal to the dissociation energy. One parameter that characterizes it may be found as the reduced mass times the square of the product of two pi, the speed of light, and the frequency in wavenumbers. This system's solutions consist of normalized Hermite polynomials weighted by a Gaussian, and may be derived by considering ladder operators. FTP, name this system, a quantum treatment of a system that obeys a quadratic potential thanks to Hooke's law.;;quantum harmonic oscillator
;;One event leading up to the creation of these measures was the trial of Philip Brois at the assizes of Dunstable. Their most famous opponent argued against them by citing the Decretum of Gratian and the Pseudo-Isidorean Decretals. Alexander III initially refused to denounce them, mostly due to the strength of antipope Pascal III. Supporters of them, such as Josceline of Salisbury and Gilbert Foliot, were excommunicated after the disastrous council of Northampton. The 7th article prevented excommunication of the king and royal officials, but the most controversial article was the 3rd, which provided for the prosecution of church officials in lay courts. FTP, name this set of laws promulgated in 1164 by Henry II and opposed by the archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas a Becket.;;Constitutions of Clarendon
;;This man's conflicts with other philosophers include a critique of J.J. Gibson's "ecological psychology," written with Zenon Pylyshyn, and a long debate with Jaegwon Kim regarding this man's theory of multiple realizability. He attempts to combine Davidson's Swamp-Man and Putnam's Twin-Earth in an appendix to his work, The Elm and the Expert, though his most famous work was expanded on by Steven Pinker in How the Mind Works, a book this man notably disliked and responded to with his own work, The Mind Doesn't Work That Way. FTP, name this analytic philosopher who argued for a difference between mental and public languages in The Language of Thought, and developed a theory of brain organization in Modularity of the Mind.;;(Jerry) (Alan) Fodor
;;At one point in this novel, a fight breaks out between the Anti-Nicotine and Anti-Vivisection ladies. The protagonist is temporarily suspended from school following an incident where he selects six female rather than male rabbits, and he's later bored by the arrival of his former classmate Irving Waters. The protagonist of this work also makes an advance on Orchid while his wife is away, and earlier Almus Pickerbaugh becomes the "first scientist ever elected to Congress." The main character's German-Jewish mentor goes to work for Hunziker after getting fired for his atheism, and the protagonist works with that man, Max Gotlieb, to fine-tune the phage he discovers.  Earlier, he elopes with Leora Tozer in a town near Wheatsylvania, North Dakota. FTP, name this novel about a title doctor by Sinclair Lewis.;;Arrowsmith
;;This artist created a series of fourteen lithographs illustrating his poem, "The Lizard with Feathers of Gold," and depicts a figure in black striped shirt with arms crossed in his portrait of E.C. Ricart. He founded a group of young artists called "Agrupacio Courbet," during a time that his biographer Jacques Dupin refers to as his "poetic realist" phase. An ear comes out of a tree trunk next to a placard that reads "JOUR" while an eye peaks out from the leaves in his The Tilled Field. This artist of The Harlequin Carnival and The Reaper also painted a night scene which shows a red-runged ladder on the left that appears to reach up to the sky, while an animal sits on the brown ground to the right and stares upward at a celestial body. FTP, name this artist of Dog Barking at the Moon, a short-lived surrealist of Spanish origin.;;(Joan) Miro
;;This man's widow, Susan Wheeler, filed suit against James Paulding in a namesake court case seeking writ of mandamus to have his pension paid to her. He was tutored by Talbot Hamilton and one story about him says that his longtime friend Richard Somers opted to duel the entire crew of a ship instead of harm this man. He frequently quarreled with Jesse Elliott, who served as a second in a duel that ended this man's life - in that duel, he was supported by William Bainbridge and fought against James Barron. This man's feats include captaining the frigate President to victory over the Endymion, and capturing the Macedonian. He's also known for a nighttime raid to burn the USS Philadelphia in Tripoli in 1804. FTP, name this American naval officer who toasted to America as "our country, right or wrong.".;;Stephen Decatur
;;This composer's third string quartet is in E major and contains a second movement whose scherzo sections alternate with brief fugal passages. He revised his first string quintet to add a slow movement commemorating the death of his friend, the virtuoso violinist Edouard Rietz, and this composer's second symphony includes such movements as "I waited for the Lord" and "My song shall be always thy mercy." This man wrote that his Opus 20 "must be played by all instruments in a symphonic orchestral style" and in fact arranged for full orchestra the second movement of that work, which is scored for four violins, two cellos, and two violas. Along with his string octet, this composer of the "Hymns of Praise" symphony wrote eight books of six pieces each for solo piano, including the Songs Without Words, dedicated to his sister Fanny. FTP, name this composer of the "Italian" and "Reformation" symphonies and the Hebrides overture.;;(Felix) Mendelssohn(-)Bartholdy
;;Mutations in the KCNQ2 type of these objects can cause neonatal epilepsy, and limbic encephalitis may result from antibodies attacking them. In Drosophila, trypsin treatments can alter the behavior of the Shaker type of these, and mice with a Weaver mutation in the G-protein-activated inwardly rectifying type suffer degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Typically, they are composed of 4 subunits, each featuring a protein with six transmembrane domains. An arrangement of five carbonyl oxygens in these structures highly selectively removes the hydration shell from a certain type of ion. Compounds that block these, such as bretylium, are used to treat arrhythmias, and the opening of the voltage-gated type of these causes the falling phase of the action potential. FTP, name this type of ion channel that regulates positive ions with atomic number nineteen.;;potassium channels
;;One character in this novel tells the story of a lady who consults a witch woman and rubs devil's drink over herself, which causes a group of fishermen to appear only to result in tragedy. The discovery of a swamp full of ducks by two characters leads another to find stakes that bear the names of O'Hara and Joe Gill, which are secretly burnt by the protagonist. A beloved cow named Rosie titles one chapter, while another finds Henry Solum opening a school where his brother Sam teaches songs to the kids. Another character hides in a trunk during a locust attack and has superstitions about naming her son, who titles this novel's sequel, Peder Victorious. FTP, name this novel in which Per Hansa dies on skis trying to find a minister, a work about some crazy Norwegians in the Dakotas, written by Ole Rolvaag.;;Giants in the Earth(:) (A) (Saga) (of) (the) (Prairie)
;;Some consequences of this battle include the execution of the composer Krystof Harant and the scientist Jan Jesenius, as well as the signing of the Peace of Nikolsburg with Gabriel Bethlen of Transylvania. The losing side of this battle had a confusing command structure, with commanders Thurn and Hohenlohe often giving contradictory orders in the heat of combat, a situation that allowed the other side to capture the Star Palace. Descartes may have been present at this one-hour battle, as an observer in the army of the count of Bucquoy. Politically, this battle led to the removal of the Winter King, Frederick V, from the throne of Bohemia and the restoration of Ferdinand II. FTP, identify this battle between the forces of Christian of Anhalt and the Count of Tilly, a 1620 victory for the Catholic League in the Thirty Years War.;;(Battle) (of) White Mountain
;;Extras  One poem by this writer opens by describing a prison "sixteen paces by twenty-three," where "they hold siege against humanity and truth employing time to drill through to his sanity." That poem, "Live Burial," appears in a collection with pieces like "Space" and "Flowers for My Land." In another work, Wild Christian remembers being chased by wood sprites with her brother Sanya after trespassing to harvest snails, and Essay lives in the parson compound. Mallam D is the Assistant Commissioner of Police in another work by this author of A Shuttle in the Crypt and the autobiographical novel Ake. In another work, Mr. Pilkings attempts to assist Elesin, who kills himself anyway when his son Olunde commits ritual suicide in his place. Another play depicts the fight between Baroka and Lakunle over the right to marry Sidi. FTP, name this Nigerian author of Death and the King's Horseman and The Lion and the Jewel.;;(Wole) Soyinka
;;One ruler of this place set up twelve symbols around her palace known as sampy which supposedly cured her illness, after which she issued an edict forbidding Christianity - her reign is thus referred to as "Ny Tany Maizina" or "the time the land was dark." Earlier, this place was ruled by King Radama the Great who subjugated the Betsileo and Sakalava peoples here before being succeeded by his sister, the aforementioned Ranavalona the Cruel. Its tribal structure known as the Hova gave its name to several wars fought from 1883 to 1896, after which the rulers of its Merina Kingdom were exiled. This place is better known as the namesake of a battle in which troops at its port of Diego Suarez met forces of Armand Leon Annet, in what was called Operation Ironclad. It's also the namesake of a certain plan advocated by Adolf Eichmann to answer the "Jewish question" by creating a giant ghetto here. FTP, name this home of the Malagasy Republic, an island with its main hub at Antananarivo.;;(ANSWER) Madagascar
;;A ring-opening variation on this reaction is carried out with sodium amalgam and is named for Emde. This reaction is reversed in an "alkimide group determination" test that adds hydrogen iodide to a tertiary amine named for Herzig and Meyer. Its second step employs silver oxide, and water serves as a source of hydroxide ions. A different reaction that generates the same product from an N-oxide is named for Cope; that product is formed in this reaction because the beta-hydrogen that must be lost is, due to steric hindrance, selected from the least-substituted position. Methyl iodide is repeatedly added to give an ammonium iodide salt in this reaction, resulting in formation of the less-substituted alkene. FTP, name this elimination which violates Zaitsev's Rule.;;Hofmann (elimination)
;;One landform on this island was allegedly created when a man was running with his grandmother on his shoulder, but he tripped and she flew through the air and into a lake, creating what is now called Treasure Island. Another tourist attraction here is the "Cup and Saucer Trail," named for two small hills which climb its major escarpment. On its western shore is a passage known as the False Detour Channel, which separates it from Drummond Island. One of its few towns with any population is Gore Bay, and this island can be reached via a swing bridge at Little Current. It's a northwesterly continuation of the Bruce Peninsula and to its east lies Georgian Bay. FTP, name this largest island in a freshwater lake, which belongs to Ontario and sits in the northern stretch of Lake Huron.;;Manitoulin (Island)
;;This artist depicts a shadowy raven circling above a fire in one canvas, while another shows a raven witnessing the burning of a house under a crescent moon. A rifle leans up against a wall with a pool of blood at its base in the canvas The Survivor, while a bird cage is the focus of a work entitled Elective Affinities. This artist, whose works' titles were often provided by Louis Scutenaire, showed a woman's nightgown hanging on a wall with real breasts coming out of it, and black high-heeled shoes with real toes protruding, in The Philosophy of Boudoir. In another canvas, a large yellow gramophone sits on a table and a man in a suit listens to it, with a suitcase on the floor and a presumably dead person lying behind him on a red couch. In addition to The Menaced Assassin, he depicted geometrically-arranged floating men in Golconda. FTP, name this man who wrote "This is Not a Pipe" in The Treachery of Images, and positively loved bowler hats.;;(Rene) Magritte
;;One character in this play refers to himself as the "King of Hell," saying "I inhabit that region of exact freedom" and "weigh those who are dead, like me." Later, another character declares "I want to build an empireso that the empire will, in exchange build me," to which his lover responds that it will build him a tomb. Directions in the play state that when dressed, a general should take on gigantic proportions by means of invisible foot-gear, broadened soldiers, and excessive make-up. Arthur serves as "the executioner" and is killed trying to get money for his silk shirts, while Chantal is assassinated near the end and her lover Roger requests to be the Chief of Police, only to castrate himself later. FTP, name this play about Madame Irma, who runs a namesake brothel in the midst of revolution, written by Jean Genet.;;(The) Balcony
;;While attempting to escape from this battle, the losing commander abandoned his tipped-over carriage, which contained sixteen thousand dollars and a pair of women's satin slippers. The winning battle plan involved a feigned attack on the right at Telegraph Hill using troops under Gideon Pillow, while the real attacking force under David Twiggs and Robert Patterson charged the left at La Atalaya. The retreating army was pursued to Perote by General William Worth and the victorious army continued its march to Jalapa, having taken control of a crucial mountain pass thanks to the reconnaissance of Robert E. Lee. Taking place less than a month after the capture of Veracruz, and two months after Buena Vista, it saw Winfield Scott quickly rout Santa Anna. FTP, name this 1847 battle in Mexico, fought in the vicinity of a certain "fat hill.".;;(Battle) (of) Cerro Gordo
;;This composer wrote newspaper columns under the pseudonym "Seven Octaves," discussing such figures as George Swaine Buckley. His first symphony was orchestrated in original form by Igor Buketoff and is subtitled "A Night in the Tropics," written prior to his 13-minute opera entitled Escenas Compestres. During a bout with typhoid fever, he stayed at the sanatorium of Eugene Wollez and composed the piece "Bamboula," which titles a biography of this composer by S. Frederick Starr. Late in life, he composed the popular pieces The Dying Poet and The Last Hope. FTP, name this 19th century American piano virtuoso who is undoubtedly the best-known Creole composer born in Louisiana.;;(Louis) (Moreau) Gottschalk
;;In a seminal early work on this phenomenon, Enrico Morselli cited the findings of the Belgian researcher Adolphe Quetelet. It was analyzed by Ginsberg in 1971 through experiments in Reno, Nevada. It is described as the "fruit of progress, of education, of civilization" in a work discussing the reconciliation of "agrarian feudal social order" with newly-emerging capitalist industrialism. That work is titled after this "and the Meaning of Civilizaton" and was written by Tomas Masaryk, the Czech president who also wrote about this subject as a "mass phenomenon." George Domino created a five-factor "opinion questionnaire" related to this phenomenon, which was linked by Masaryk to decline in religious faith. More famously, it was divided into altruistic, egoistic, fatalistic, and anomic types in a work subtitled "A Study in Sociology." FTP, name this subject of a monograph by Emile Durkheim, the act of killing oneself.;;suicide
;;One writer from this country wrote about "the Sorceror" who calls his third testicle his sister Estrella in the novel The Lizard's Tale. Another writer from here wrote about anti-hero Remo Erdosain, who gets caught up with a man known as The Astrologer, in the novel The Seven Madmen. In addition to Luisa Valenzuela and Roberto Arlt, another writer of this nation wrote the novel The Angel of Darkness and told of surrealist painter Juan Pablo Castel who murders his beloved Maria Iribarne in the novel El Tunel. Another novel from this nation centers around a man who gives the name Faustine to a woman who speaks of Canada, only to discover that the two suns and two moons he observes on the supposed island of Villings are the result of twin realities. In addition to Ernesto Sabato and Adolfo Bioy Casares, another writer from here tells of a man who travels with Sergeant Cruz and battles a black payador. FTP, name this birthplace of the author of Martin Fierro and the author of "The Garden of Forking Paths.".;;Argentina
;;This theory is paired with functionalism in a 1985 article by John McDowell, which looks at Brian Loar's argument against it. Ted Honderich authored a paper on the "argument for" it, writing that it cannot survive the charge of epiphenomalism, while another paper asks whether "supervenience" can save this theory, and was written by Jaegwon Kim. It assumes the "Principle of the Nomological Character of Causality" and applies its formulator's "principle of charity," also central to his method of radical interpretation. It posits the creation of "token-identities" through the impossibility of type-identities. First introduced in a paper entitled "Mental Events," it claims that those mental events are identical to certain physical events but cannot be reduced to them by strict laws. FTP, name this mind-body theory formulated by Donald Davidson.;;anomalous monism
;;At one point, the main character's mother asks for a box of toys to be brought to her and she removes a doll named Goldcrown, some tin soldiers, and a toy train which we're told belonged to Benjamin who became an actor. In another scene, the main character can't answer the question "what is a doctor's first duty?" - he's told that it is to "ask forgiveness," and then he's told that he's been "found guilty; guilty of guilt." That scene is analyzed by Carol Gilligan in chapter four of In a Different Voice, entitled "Crisis and Transition," where she critiques Erik Erikson's comparison of a female character to Cordelia. The main characters encounter Akerman, played by Max von Sydow, at a gas station after a car accident has led them to pick up a bickering couple as hitchhikers. FTP, name this film about the old doctor Isak Borg who travels with Marianne to Lund to receive a degree, a 1957 work by Ingmar Bergman which symbolically uses the title fruit.;;Wild Strawberries
;;One disorder affecting this organelle is, when X-linked, caused by a defect in ABC protein transporter D1, and, when autosomal, is caused by defects in PEX 1, 5, 10, 13, and 26. That disorder is called Addison-Schilder disease or ALD, while another is characterized by the buildup of phytanic acid. This organelle is also responsible for rhizomelic chrondrodysplasia punctata and pipecolic acidemia, and features a pathway that first invokes alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase, to produce (S)-isomers for BCOX, the product of which is hydrated and dehydrogenated by D-bifunctional protein. A disorder in this organelle causing malformed myelin sheaths is called Refsum's disease. These organelles accept twenty-seven carbon thioester precursors and generate the twenty-four carbon compounds cheno-deoxycholic acid and cholic acid, both bile acids. Their best-known function is catalyzed by the fittingly-named enzyme catalase. FTP, name these organelles that beta-oxidize fatty acids and detoxify peroxides.;;peroxisomes
;;Near the end of this work, a character enters and delivers a speech referring to "the last spurning print of a sky-cleaving god," claiming that, in the happier days of the muse, the poet brought heaven to the people and they too felt they were poets in hearing his lay. The prefatory note to this work says it began as installments sent to the author's friend Charles Frederick Briggs who encouraged him to publish. Its extended title presents it as a "vocal and musical medley" from the "tub of Diogenes." In one section, the author asks Zeus how to flee from Miranda, a thinly-veiled representation of Margaret Fuller, who simply takes old notions and makes them her own. FTP, name this "Glance at a Few of our Literary Progenies" which also makes fun of James Fennimore Cooper and Edgar Allen Poe among others, and was written by James Russell Lowell.;;(A) Fable for Critics
;;The reaction of hydroxyl radical with a nitrogen atom was introduced by Lavoie, Heywood, and Keck to complement this physicist's two reactions he proposed for the formation by electrical discharge of atmospheric nitric oxide, his namesake mechanism. This physicist makes an approximation that shows that a super-galactic ellipsoid of gas will collapse on its shortest axis first, and one concept to which he is the second namesake has a second-order component arising from bulk motion named for Ostriker and Vishniac; that concept is prominent in an entity that also experiences the Sachs-Wolfe effect. FTP, give this namesake of a "pancake model" of galactic formation who is also the second namesake of a form of inverse Compton scattering in the cosmic microwave background, along with Sunyaev.;;(Yakov) (Borisovich) Zel'dovich
;;This man was secretly freed by Justice Anthony Pearson after being imprisoned at Carlisle, though he was later locked up again at Doomsdale in Launceston Castle. He wrote a "Letter to the Governor of Barbados" lamenting slanders cast upon his thought, though portions of its authorship have been questioned by his biographer Rufus Jones. After having a vision climbing Pendle Hill and delivering a speech at Firbank Fell, he met his future wife Margaret Fell. A polemic written against this man is subtitled "an Offer of Disputation on fourteen principles made this last summer" and contrasts his views on conscience with John Bunyan - that work was written by Roger Williams and examines this man "Digg'd Out of his Burrowes." FTP, name this formulator of the Peace Testimony who spoke of the "Christ within" as a founder of Quakerism.;;(George) Fox
;;This thinker published a number of studies on "figural after-effects," first with his assistant Hans Wallach, and then in collaboration with his student Dorothy Dinnerstein on the subject of kinesthesis. He also did experiments with Richard Held using scalp electrodes on the occipital lobe of the brain. He's the subject of a book entitled A Whisper of Espionage by Ronald Ley, and he first introduced his notion of "isomorphism" in his philosophical work The Place of Value in a World of Facts. He's better known for creating a theory of learning based upon "insight" while working with a subject named Sultan, and for the idea of "transposition" by which stimuli are judged only in relation to one another. Much of this work was during his time at the Canary Island Anthropoid Station on Tenerife, leading to his book The Mentality of Apes. FTP, name this psychologist who, along with Kurt Koffka and Max Wertheimer, was a founder of Gestalt.;;(Wolfgang) Kohler
;;This city gives its name to a treaty signed after the Battle of Dornach, a loss for Emperor Maximilian I which ended the Swabian War in 1499. Another treaty named for this city was negotiated by French ambassador Francois de Barthelemy and marked the end of Prussia's participation in the War of the First Coalition, two years before that war's end at Campo Formio. That treaty resulted in Spain ceding two-thirds of Haiti to France. This city is the namesake of a Program formulated by Max Nordau, because it was the site of the First Zionist Congress convened by Theodor Herzl. A meeting initially held at this city was presided over by Julian Cesarini, who'd been appointed by the since-deceased Pope Martin V. That meeting was later moved by a bull of Eugene IV in 1437, after which it became the Council of Ferrara-Florence. FTP, name this city on the Rhine which hosted an ecumenical council after the Council of Constance, and is the third most populous city in Switzerland.;;Basel
;;This author wrote of a narrator who discovers never-worn clothes in the fascinating closet of the ailing Miss Bruce in the story "Illusion," while a woman considers what it'd be like to be the title object in "Mannequin." The seamstress Selina Davis gets evicted from Notting Hill and moves in with Sims because she can't find work sewing by hand in the story "Let Them Call it Jazz," while the previously-mentioned stories appear in the collection The Left Bank. The aging Sasha Jensen returns to Paris in the novel Good Morning, Midnight, while Norah Griffiths is the disapproving sister of the recently-separated Julia Martin in After Leaving Mr. Mackenzie. Nineteen year old chorus girl Anna Morgan has an affair with Walter Jeffries in her novel Voyage in the Dark. FTP, name this author who wrote about Antoinette Cosway, a Creole depiction of Bertha Mason, in her novel Wide Sargasso Sea.;;(Jean) Rhys
;;One early paper by this chemist explored the possibility of using salts of aza-arenes, such as pyridinium and benzothiazolium, to activate alcohols and carboxylic acids and obtain various functional-group interconversions. An earlier paper by him pimped the viability of the catalyst he'd later use in his best-known reaction for its utility in accessing allyl sulfides, enamines, and more. His total synthesis of Taxol employs a pinacol coupling and Reformatskii reaction, as well as a unique tail synthesis, though he's better known for a reaction using titanium tetrachloride catalysis which parallels work using lithium done by Wittig and House. Best known for advancing a method of directed enol reactions by promoting the use of silyl enol ethers, FTP, give this namesake of an aldol addition, an organic chemist from Japan.;;(Teruaki) Mukaiyama
;;At one point, this work employs the term Grenzbegriff, defined as "the infinitely remote ideal of our thinking life," to describe objective evidence. At another point, the work asks if it's possible to make ourselves think that two one dollar bills in our pocket are really two hundred-dollar bills. Early on, the author distinguishes between options that are live or dead, forced or avoidable, and momentous or trivial - and he then claims that only forced, living, and momentous choices are "genuine." Another distinction is between empiricist and absolutist ways of thinking, and though the author claims that we are absolutists by nature, he says we should overcome this tendency. Partly a response to W.K. Clifford, this work was published in a namesake collection "with other essays in popular philosophy." FTP, name this essay by William James, which argues that it is rational to formulate hypotheses of a religious nature.;;(The) Will to Believe
;;J. Wagner demonstrated that a Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook approximated lattice model does not necessarily obey this statement due to polynomial u dependence, though it does hold for lattice gases where collisions obey semi-detailed balance as shown by Henon. A theorem proved by Poincare suggesting that a system should return arbitrarily close to its initial configuration after some finite recurrence time became Zermelo's paradox with this statement. It makes a claim about the integral over velocity space of P ln P d3v [dee cubed vee], its namesake quantity. This statement was opposed by Loschmidt, who objected to its asymmetric predictions out of symmetric equations of motion, though van Kampen showed its molecular chaos assumption provided that asymmetry, and final resolution came with the introduction of the fluctuation theorem. FTP, name this theorem of Ludwig Boltzmann, which describes the time-evolution of a certain quantity for an ideal gas, which, despite microscopic reversibility, should monotonically increase for irreversible processes.;;H(-)theorem
;;This man painted a group of laughing whores against a fiery backdrop in Catharsis, and his Prometheus is displayed at Pomona College. He depicted revolutionary soldiers hiding behind a rock in The Trench, and depicted Jesus hacking away at a crucifix in Christ Destroys His Cross. Another of his works features a blond man surrounded by serpents who points angrily out to sea, and that work concludes with three panels about "Ideal Modern Culture," which form part of a section called Gods of the Modern World. He also painted Man of Fire on a ceiling dome, and the aforementioned work was done for the Baker Library at Dartmouth College. FTP, name this man whose Epic of American Civilization features The Coming and Return of Quetzalcoatl, a contemporary of Diego Rivera and fellow Mexican muralist.;;(Jose) (Clemente) Orozco
;;Francis Britto suggested that this phenomenon might be divided into "use-oriented" and "user-oriented" types, while Heinz Kloss proposed that there are "endo" and "exo" types of it. In a key 1967 paper, Joshua Fishman introduced the "extended" version of it, and Britto sided with him when looking at this phenomenon in the Tamil language, showing that it need not involve a genetic relationship. It was first identified by Charles Ferguson in 1959, who characterized it as a "relatively stable situation." It can be distinguished from the more common "standard-with-dialects" paradigm because it features a common mother tongue amongst all speakers. Examples of it are seen in Haiti, Greece, and Arabic nations and its development is usually related to literary heritage and prestige. Unlike bilingualism, its dialects are not used for the same purpose. FTP, name this phenomenon in which there are high and low versions of a language, the former of which is acquired through education.;;diglossia
;;One work by this author is about Patricia, who's in love with Hollywood actor Peter Kyle, but married to Lt. Teddy Graham. His earliest work concerns Diana Lake, who interacts with the young author Alan Howard at Professor Maingot's school. Another work begins with the failed suicide of Hester Collyer, the unhappy wife of a judge who's recently slept with a drunken pilot. He relates the true story of a beautiful woman whose elderly husband is beaten in his last work Cause Celebre. The Beauregard Private Hotel is the residence of Mrs. Railton-Bell and the setting of two linked one-act plays by this author of French Without Tears and The Deep Blue Sea. In addition to that work, Separate Tables, he wrote about Andrew Crocker-Harris in his 1948 play The Browning Version. FTP, name this 20th century playwright of The Winslow Boy who, much like Joe Orton, was British and gay.;;(Terence) Rattigan
;;A piece of legislation originally intended as an amendment to this law changed the structure of an organization so that its general counsel would be appointed by the President, twelve years after this law's passage. The prevention of practices outlined in this legislation's eighth section was entrusted by its tenth section to a federal entity whose constitutionality was the subject of the Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation decision two years after this bill's passage. The core of this legislation came from section 7a of a previous act that had been ruled unconstitutional in the Schechter decision, the NIRA, and much of the pro-union effect of this act was eviscerated over Harry Truman's veto by the Taft-Hartley Act. FTP, identify this 1935 piece of legislation named for a New York senator, which prohibited certain unfair labor practices and set up the National Labor Relations Board.;;Wagner (Act)|(the) National Labor Relations Act
;;An ester with this functionality condenses with a ketone or aldehyde in the presence of elemental sulfur in the Gewald reaction to give 2-amino thiophenes, and the Letts synthesis forms these from aryl carboxylic acids. Esters form organozinc reagents and attack these compounds to give, after hydrolysis, beta-ketoesters in the Blaise reaction, and aryl halides give this functionality in the Rosenmund-von Braun reaction. The Strecker synthesis gives as an intermediate the alpha-amino variety of these compounds before hydrolyzing to the amino acid. The simplest organic example of these compounds saw a major shortage from late 2008 to early 2009; that example is a popular medium-polarity solvent for TLC. FTP, name these compounds which contain a carbon-nitrogen triple bond.;;nitriles
;;In one poem, this author beseeches the "sole watchman of the flying stars," to "guard me against my flicker of impulse lust." In addition to that poem, "Eleven Addresses to the Lord," he recalled his father's suicide in a poem where he "spit upon this dreadful banker's grave," while another poem encourages attendants of the MLA convention to "forget your footnotes" and "dance around Mary." Eileen Mulligan's novel The Maze is based on her marriage to this writer, whose critical works include a biography of Stephen Crane. He first gained fame with his poetry collection The Dispossessed and another of his works opens with the line "The Governor your husband lived so long / moved you not, restless, waiting for him?." Another work contains sections dedicated to the memory of Delmore Schwartz and is narrated by his alter egos Henry and Mr. Bones. FTP, identify this American poet who chronicled the life of a 17th century poet in his Homage to Mistress Bradstreet and wrote 385 Dream Songs.;;(John) Berryman
;;A single unit of the most common type of this resource can be implemented using a D-type flip-flop. In x86-type architectures, this resource is accessed through a technique known as "segmentation," and addressing this resource differs depending on whether the system is in real or protected mode. Algorithms such as "stop the world" and "mark and sweep," are used to implement garbage collection, which returns this resource to the heap. The spatial and temporal locality principles drive the design of the cache variety of this resource. In assembly language, this resource is divided into "code" and "data" sections, and in C, the malloc and free statements are used to allocate and deallocate it. Demand-paging is used in swap spaces to simulate this resource by producing its "virtual" variety. FTP, identify this resource of a computer whose most versatile variety is its random access type.;;memory
;;One passage in this poem acknowledges that "much to the man is due," who lived "reserved and austere," in his private gardens where his highest aim might have been "to plant the bergamot." The title figure is described as being unable to be content with "the inglorious arts of peace," and is mentioned as having gone "burning through the air... and palaces and temples rent," in order to "cast the kingdoms of old/ Into another mould." This poem recalls the nobility of a king upon the "tragic scaffold," and claims that "The Pict no shelter now shall find / Within his particoloured mind," before encouraging the title figure, "the Wars' and Fortune's son," to "march indefatigably on." In one part, the author asks "What may not then our isle presume / While Victory his crest does plume?," a reference to an earlier military victory in which a group is "ashamed / to see themselves in one year tamed." Containing a poetic depiction of the execution of Charles I, FTP, identify this poem about the Lord Protector's conquest of a neighboring island by Andrew Marvell.;;(An) Horatian Ode (upon) (Cromwell's) (Return) (From) (Ireland)
;;This architect designed his house in Lincoln, Massachusetts, and eight buildings enclose a series of quadrangles in his design for the Harvard Graduate Center. One of this architect's designs features one section with a white facade with a red-brick top. That section juts above the rest, which is mostly in yellow brick, as does a tall yellow brick tower in a building designed as a shoemaking factory. This architect had even the corner stairwells visible to the public in his Administration Building for the Werkbund Exhibition in Cologne. Besides the Fagus Works, his best-known work has a pinwheel layout with three wings connected by a bridge across a street. Much like lots of this man's work, that building features a steel or concrete framework with a lot of glass, and is located in Dessau. FTP, name this designer and founder of the Bauhaus.;;(Walter) Gropius
;;One figure by this name was the mother of Agathyrsus and Gelonus, who both failed to bend the bow of Hercules and wear his belt in the proper way, so they were exiled, though their other brother Scythes was named king. Those boys resulted when this figure forced Hercules to sleep with her in order get his horses back. Another figure by this name was the progeny of Peiras and Styx, and was killed by Argos Panoptes while she slept outside of Argos in a cave. The previous figure is sometimes called the "maid with glancing eyes" and she lives underground amongst the Arimoi. This figure, often associated with the similar Delphyne, is best attested as the daughter of Phorcys and Ceto. FTP, name this wife of Typhon. a poisonous she-viper who gave birth to the Hydra and Chimera.;;Echidna
;;One chapter of this work discusses students' sympathies towards Maryk and Queeg in Herman Wouk's The Caine Mutiny as part of a section chronicling the title entity "in Fiction." The appendix to this work states that avoiding a bad score, not winning a good one, is the title methodology, "How to Cheat on Personality Tests." One chapter of argues that "scientism" has permeated society, while another describes how the Industrial Revolution led to a decline in the Protestant Ethic. This work is broken into sections which track the "Ideology", "Training", "Neuroses", and "Testing" of the title figure, who is at home in the "New Suburbia." Inspired by interviews with CEOs conducted by its author while at Fortune magazine, FTP, name this work which tracks how the title middle manager gives up individuality for the sake of his corporation, written by William Whyte.;;(The) Organization Man
;;One member of this family was opposed by an alliance put together by a group known as "Los Doce," which included the UDEL party. Another member of this family defeated Fernando Aguero Rocha in a rigged election after which he made Aguero part of a ruling triumvirate. A member of this family known as "Tacho" attained power by deposing Juan Batista Sacasa and ruled with the help of his country's Nationalist Liberal Party until his assassination by Rigoberto Lopez Perez. Another member of this family was opposed by an organization founded by Carlos Fonseca Amador and named after the general Augusto Cesar, and that member's brother, known as "Tachito," abrogated the Bryant-Chamorro treaty in 1970. Opposed by such figures as Pedro Joaquin Chamorro and by groups such as the Sandinistas, FTP, name this family whose members included Luis Debayle, Anastasio Debayle, and Anastasio Garcia, which ruled from 1937 until 1977 in Nicaragua.;;Somoza
;;In the penultimate lines of this play, the title character laments that he's still alive and refers to himself as "poet and poltroon, poltroon and poet." Despite opening his bible to the "First Gospel of St. Peter" and highlighting verses about submission and honoring the king, Mr. Grigson is forced to sing the hymn, "We shall meet in the sweet bye and bye." The title character recites a poem about Celandine to a female admirer, who asserts that "it's time to give up the writing an' take to the gun," and holds up Robert Emmet as an example of someone who died for his country, before both are observed almost kissing by Tommy Owens. The death of Maguire in an ambush leads to a revelation about the bombs hidden in his satchel. After a raid at the end of this play, Minnie Powell is shot while trying to escape from the British. FTP, identify this Sean O'Casey play set in the aftermath of the Easter Rising of 1916 whose title character is Donal Davoren.;;(The) Shadow of a Gunman
;;The theory of these objects was informally introduced through the use of "tags" by Ruth Barcan Marcus in her 1961 article "Modalities in Intensional Language." David Kaplan presented a theory of these philosophical ideas in a lecture later published as "Dthat" shortly after they were formally introduced in a lecture series by their best-known popularizer. One of the uses of these philosophical concepts is to demonstrate the existence of necessary a posteriori propositions and contingent a priori propositions, and the inventor of this term proposed that proper names and natural kinds such as water are examples of these. They were originally proposed through the example of Hesperus and Phosphorus being the same object, in lectures that would become Naming and Necessity. FTP, identify these philosophical concepts coined in name by Saul Kripke, which refers to a description that has the same reference in every possible world.;;(Answer(:)) rigid designators
;;This group of pieces includes one that quotes the "Valhalla" and "Magic Fire Music" motifs from Wagner's Ring cycle and repeats a triplet rhythm in the timpani in all of its movements. That three-movement piece was conducted at its premiere by Bedrich Smetana. The third movement of another of these compositions contains a trio on a theme from its composer's opera The Stubborn Lover. That piece's fourth movement opens with a trumpet fanfare, followed by a lyrical cello theme and orchestral variations on that theme - and it is the eighth of this group. The first of this group originally had only three movements; that C major work is subtitled "The Bells of Zlonice." FTP, name this group of works, the most famous of which may or may not incorporate Native American tunes, and is subtitled "From the New World.".;;symphonies (of) (Anton) Dvorak
;;The tensions of the title character in this novel are eased by a gilded birthday gift, after his rival suitor breaks his pipe and calls up a debt of four bits. The chief female character makes Noah's Ark toys for her rich Uncle Oelbermann, and she was courted by her husband at a vaudeville show where her younger brother August peed his pants. Two characters in the work were based on the author's earlier short story "Judy's Service of Gold Plate" - those characters are the red-headed Polish Jew Zirco and the wife he ends up killing, Maria Macabo. Trouble arises when the protagonist calls his miser - and Marcus Schouler, the cousin of his wife Trina who wins the lottery, ends this work by hunting him down in Death Valley. FTP, name this "Story of San Francisco," a novel about a dentist by Frank Norris.;;McTeague(:) (A) (Story) (of) (San) (Francisco)
;;These cells appear to be the cause of Gorham-Stout syndrome. TheY secrete cathepsin-K and sit in cavities called Howship's lacunae, attaching to their target using integrins like alpha v beta three. RANK ligand, also known as TNF-related activation-induced cytokine, is essential to their formation, and they function by using carbonic anhydrase to pump out protons, which helps the target decay into a certain cation, as well as phosphoric acid and carbonic acid. Prostaglandin E and vitamin D3 oddly lack receptors on these cells. Parathyroid hormone increases the number of these TRAP-positive differentiated macrophages, while calcitonin inhibits their activity. FTP, name these cells whose role it is to resorb bone, which are often contrasted with osteoblasts.;;osteoclasts
;;Along with Holbrook Working, this man is the namesake of hyperbolic confidence bands which were first introduced in their work "Applications of the Theory of Error to the Interpretation of Trends." He also gives his name to the fundamental rule of natural resource extraction, which says that optimal exploitation of such resources happens when unit price is equal to discount rate. Another result named for this man is demonstrated by considering two ice cream vendors on a mile of beach with an even distribution of customers. That law, formulated in his work "Stability in Competition," predicts that producers in some commodity markets will make their products as similar as possible, reducing variety for the consumer. FTP, name this American economist who also gives his name to a T-square distribution.;;(Harold) Hotelling
;;The German critic Friedrich Luft notably called this work the "twilight of the Gods in the gutter," while Mary Anderson examined it as a "sociopolitical tract." At one point, a character asks "but that was the jazz of a very special hotel, wasn't it?" after he relates his homosexual experience with a Greek boy, and then he discusses the "value difference between pornographic playing cards when you're a kidand when you're older." We are then told the story of a dog, who's all black except for his bloodshot eyes and constant erection, and gets fed hamburger meat for several days, but keeps attacking so he's fed rat poison. We constantly hear how one character has two daughters instead of a son, and has two cats and two parakeets in a cage, which appear in this work's prequel Homelife. FTP, name this play which ends when Jerry stabs himself after lunging at Peter, the first play by Edward Albee.;;(The) Zoo Story
;;Livio, Ogilvy, and Pringle argued that viscous heating in these entities dominates the energy emissions owing to another mechanism of emission attacked by Ghosh and Abramowicz. That mechanism, which suggests that in the presence of a poloidal magnetic field, rotational energy could be extracted into a toroidal field, is the Blandford-Znajek mechanism. Balbus and Hawley proposed that a magnetorotational instability in these objects could provide necessary angular momentum transport, while at one time turbulence-enhanced viscosity was thought to permit matter in these to radiate energy outwards, compensating for angular momentum lost from infalling matter, in the alpha model of Shakura and Sunyaev. In pulling off the outer layers of its red giant partner, white dwarfs form these structures. The namesake of a model of quasar energy generation, FTP, name these structures formed from material orbiting and spiraling inward towards a massive body, especially black holes.;;accretion discs
;;One of this god's sons was kept a secret by enclosing him in a box and sending him down the Asva River, but he was pulled out by Adhiratha who raised him with his wife Radha. That son was born when Kunti summoned this god using a mantra of Durvasa, only to discover that she'd obliged herself to have a virgin birth. This god's wife escaped him by creating a shadow of herself named Chaya, which bore him children like Tapati. When he found that Chaya was not his true wife, this god took the form of a stallion and seduced his wife in the forest to produce Nasatya and Dasra, also known as the Aswin twins. This god is commonly cited as a member of the first Vedic triad along with Indra and Agni, and he's often depicted with seven horses and Aruna, who drives his one-wheeled chariot. FTP, name this ancient Hindu god of the sun.;;Surya
;;This architect wrote "Order is intangible. It is a level of creative consciousness forever becoming higher in level" in his statement often called "Order Is." He advocated the idea of a "society of rooms" in which rooms of a residence speak to one another, and consist of "servant" and "served" spaces - an idea on display at his Esherick House in Chestnut Hill, Pennsylvania. Later on, he worked with his wife, the landscapist Harriet Pattison, and during that time finished the Capital Complex in Dhaka, Bangladesh complete with a man-made moat surrounding the National Assembly. Also known for the Kimbell Museum in Fort Worth and the Exeter Library in New Hampshire, his most famous commission may be the Salk Institute in La Jolla. FTP, name this architect extensively used brick and poured-in concrete and was, much like our good buddy Arvo Part, born in Estonia.;;(Louis) Kahn
;;This author wrote about two rival spies in Paris who get involved with the nightclub dancer Nicolette Alford in his early novel File on a Diplomat. The actor Joseph Malan sits in jail after killing his lover Jessica Thomson in the novel Looking on Darkness. Three days in the life of Martin Mynhardt, the chairman of the Mining Chamber, is the subject of Rumours of Rain. Together with Etienne Le Roux and Breyten Breytenbach, this writer founded a literary movement called Die Sestigers, or the "Sixtyers." He's better known for a book about teacher Ben Du Toit, who works with the barrister Ian McKenzie to help a black janitor Gordon investigate the death of his son - that novel is A Dry White Season. Also the author of An Instant in the Wind, FTP, name this man from South Africa who wrote anti-Apartheid works and is the best known author of Afrikaans literature.;;(Andre) Brink
;;This scientist gives his name to a model with modifications including the Cole-Cole equation and, more generally, the Havrilak-Negami equation. He names a family of functions, f of x equals n over x to the n times the integral from zero to x of t to the n over quantity e to the t minus one dt. His name is sometimes given to a solution of Maxwell's equations for spherical particles of non-negligible radius. This namesake of a model of dipole relaxation is the partial namesake of a quantity giving the attenuation of Bragg scattering, and the partial namesake of a law that sets a term proportional to the square of charge number, the square of elementary charge, and his namesake screening depth equal to the log of the activity coefficient. That factor is named for him and Waller, while the law is named for this man and Huckel, and he also developed a t-cubed dependent heat capacity model. FTP, name this physicist, whose namesake length describes shielding in plasmas.;;(Peter) (Joseph) (William) Debye
;;One character does modeling work under the alias Finn Smulders, as evidenced by a large photo of him advertising for Mighty Meat Sausages in the Sunday newspaper, which is used to blackmail him. A recurring meeting spot is the restaurant CheeseyBeards, which is referred to as an "extortion hut" by Herman, who brings his own sliced cheese so he can save 75.5 cents per cheeseburger, since his "non-paying job" forces him to live off his grandfather's inheritance and birds he's captured in the alley. Recently, we've been introduced to Mr. Wiggly, who's chosen to join the central group instead of Riley, the sadistic roommate of stuntman Wade. Season one ends with the Indian mother of Zaboo punching the protagonist in the face, while Clara still has no idea where her kids are. Cyd Sherman goes by the name Codex and is played by Felicia Day in, FTP, what online series about MMORPG players?.;;(The) Guild
;;At one point, this work quotes Cardinal de Retz as saying that great dangers have their charms, because there is some glory to be got even when we miscarry. In an oft-cited passage, the author writes that a certain "spirit of system" and a "love of art and contrivance" can cause us to value the means more than the end, in a chapter entitled "Of the beauty which the appearance of Utility bestows upon the productions of art." The second part discusses the "merit and demerit" of actions as their "good or ill desert," while earlier the author claims that "imaginary change of situation" is the main characteristic of sympathy. More famously, this work claims that the "man within the breast" is the abstract and ideal spectator who must be awakened and put in mind of his duty by the real spectator. Inspired by the author's teacher Frances Hutcheson, FTP, name this ethical treatise, the first major work by Adam Smith.;;(The) Theory of Moral Sentiments
;;This dynasty saw a particularly chaotic time known as the period of "four moons and three kings," during which one king agreed to the Harmand treaty. One of its rulers sparked an incident by refusing to meet with the commander of the gunboat Cleopatra. That ruler symbolized the power of this family by ordering construction of the Nine Dynastic Urns, cast from bronze and associated with seven altars at a site called the "Temple of Generations." The first of its thirteen rulers came to power by defeating the Tay Son monarchy with help from the missionary Pierre Pigneau de Behaine. That ruler took the name Gia Long as a symbol of national unity in 1802, and this dynasty lasted until the abdication of Bao Dai in 1945. FTP, name this last ruling family in Vietnam.;;Nguyen (Dynasty)
;;This play's title and epigraph come from a verse in the Song of Solomon that ends with the line "for our vines have tender grapes." One woman in this work resolves at the end that she will not be one of the people who stand around and watch other people eat the earth. That woman, who is nicknamed Zan, is particularly loved by her aunt, who longs for Lionnet, her family's old plantation. A message to Mr. Manders frightens Leo, who stole eighty-eight thousand dollars' worth of bonds from his uncle Horace's safety box. Horace makes a desperate attempt to climb a staircase when he has a heart attack and his wife refuses to give him medicine so that he will die and she can reclaim a stake in her brothers' cotton mill scheme. FTP, name this play about the Hubbard brothers and Regina Giddens, written by Lillian Hellman.;;(The) Little Foxes
;;The composer of this work inscribed the autograph of its third movement "to my brothers in Apollo." It features a theme possibly drawn from Beethoven's "Les Adieux," known as the "Lebwohl" or "Farewell" theme. Bruno Walter decided to use two harps for a theme originally stated by the cellos and the horns, which Leonard Bernstein said was a representation of the composer's irregular heart beat. The second movement is a distortion of a landler dance, while the third movement is to be played "very defiantly" and is a Rondo-Burleske. This work's last movement is an adagio marked "very slowly and held back," which ends with the violins quoting "The day is fine on yonder heights" from its composer's Kindertotenlieder. Opening with a movement marked andante comodo, FTP, name this work, whose number indicates that its composer did not consider his earlier Song of the Earth a symphony.;;(Gustav) Mahler's Symphony (No(.)) 9|Mahler's Ninth
;;Because of this phenomenon, the flux of a monopole is concentrated in Abrikosov vortices. Equating the time evolution of the current with a constant times the electric field and taking the curl of both sides allows one to derive a lambda that measures the length scale of this effect. This phenomenon can be derived by noting that the Laplacian of the magnetic field is equal to the magnetic field times the squared reciprocal of the aforementioned lambda, which is also known as the London penetration depth. First explained by the London equations, this phenomenon implies that for relevant materials the magnetic susceptibility is negative one, and hence that those materials display perfect diamagnetism. Sometimes named for Ochsenfeld, for 10 points, name this phenomenon in which a magnetic field is excluded from a superconductor.;;Meissner(-)Ochsenfeld (effect)
;;The kind of auction named after this man is exemplified by the London Gold market, where an auctioneer matches buyers and sellers who have pre-submitted prices, a process called tatonnement or "groping." The neo-version of this man's namesake school included members like Jacob Marschak, Charles Roos, and the man who won a Nobel Prize with Kantorovich, Tjalling Koopmans. Arrow and Debreu proved this man's namesake law, which shows that excess market demands always sum to zero. The model named after this man and Gustav Cassel was corrected by Abraham Wald. Paired with his successor Pareto as the most influential figure of the Lausanne school, this man's best-known work is Elements of Pure Economics. FTP, identify this proponent of General Equilibrium Theory, who along with Jevons and Menger, led the Marginalist Revolution.;;(Marie(-)Esprit) (Leon) Walras
;;This novel describes some out-of-place clothes like a San Jose State t-shirt, a pair of overalls with "TREEFELLER" written on them, and a set of ambulance clothes given to the main character. At the end, that character falls in with a gang led by December, who plies the main character with alcohol and gets his sister to fellate him. A nameless pharmacist working as a medical officer narrates part of this novel, and is fascinated by how thin the title character is. That man works alongside Noel at the training camp Kenilworth, where the title character is taken after escaping Jakkalsdrif and being captured on the Visagie farm, where he settles after his mother Anna dies in Stellenbosch. Featuring a title character who's fixated on pumpkin seeds, FTP, identify this novel about a hare-lipped gardener who leaves Cape Town, a work by J.M. Coetzee.;;Life and Times of Michael K
;;Recent olympians to have graduated from this school include the Winklevoss brothers, who were on the US rowing team in Beijing, and this school hosted the first ever Japanese college football game played in America. In 1920 this school was victorious in the 1920 Rose Bowl, defeating Oregon by a score of 7-6. This school's hockey team was the first team to win the Beanpot Torunament, doing so in 1952, and one current alumni of this school in the NFL is Ryan Fitzpatrick. This school had the only women's basketball team to win a game as a sixteen seed, defeating Stanford in 1998 and its basketball team is currently coached by former Michigan coach Tommy Ammaker. One movie declared that this team beat Yale 29-29. FTP, name this school whose nickname is the "Crimson," and whose other athletic stars include Dallas Simons and Bruce Arthur.;;Harvard (Crimson)
;;The background of one of this man's portraits shows an owl being attacked by birds, as well as a man standing on a Gothic tower, praying to a star painted with real gold. In another work, a cavalier stands before a tent at the right, while wrinkled old women are carted over to a large pool. His works are often signed with the winged serpent of his insignia, while Cupid ensconced in a black cloud aims at a nude Venus in one of this man's depictions of The Judgment of Paris. This painter of the Portrait of Dr. Cuspinian and The Fountain of Youth also did various nude depictions of Adam and Eve as well as nudes for Frederick the Wise. FTP, name this German Renaissance painter, known for his depictions of Martin Luther.;;(Lucas) Cranach (the) (Elder)
;;This conflict saw one side take Rachel and Sylvia Hall as captives, who were ransomed in large part due to the efforts of Henry Gratiot. The decisive battle in this conflict saw the losers massacred by a ship named the Warrior, and it also included the battle of Pecatonica. One cause for the conflict was an order delivered by Thomas Forsyth and General Henry Atkinson commanded the winning side, which initially saw casualties at the battle of Stillman's Run. Later, this conflict would witness the Bad Axe Massacre and a battle at Wisconsin Heights, after the war's namesake was opposed by his rival Keokuk. FTP, name this 1832 war whose belligerents included the Sauk and Fox tribes, fought mostly in Illinois.;;Black Hawk (War)
;;These phenomena are often strongly affected during the winter by the Madden-Julian Oscillation, which typically acts in the North Pacific to split one of these prior to so-called "pineapple express" events. Data from a rawinsonde that encounters one of these can be difficult to interpret, as they can greatly perturb the ascent rate. They develop troughs and ridges in a pattern of large meanders due to Rossby waves, and they flow around blocking anticyclones. Two of the strongest examples of these phenomena are associated with the polar fronts. They generally are found near the tropopause and their strong vertical shear is thought to be the cause of clear air turbulence. For 10 points, name these "rivers of air" that affect travel times on some flights.;;jet streams
;;In one story by this author, an aged grandmother claims that other ethnicities are inferior, saying the "sound of the Irish voice is distressing to the sick," but she changes her mind after accidentally rescuing her own granddaughter. The actor Adrienne Farival gets banned from a convent in this author's story "Lilacs," while another work concerns Louise Mallard, who rejoices at a railroad accident that she thinks kills her husband Brently only to die of a heart attack when he comes home.  Besides "A Matter of Prejudice" and that work, "The Story of an Hour," this author is known for a story that ends with a bonfire of dresses belonging to the adoptive daughter of the Valmondes, in which Armand finds a letter from his mother revealing that he is a mulatto. This author's best known work sees Robert Lebrun and Edna Pontellier's doomed affair lead to the latter's suicide. FTP, identify this American author of "Desiree's Baby" and The Awakening.;;(Kate) Chopin
;;This thinker describes being recruited by the CIA to tunnel under Tulsa, with the side-effect that he sees his own brain in a vat. That essay, "Where Am I?" appears in a collection alongside "Skinner Skinned" and "Are Dreams Experiences?" in this philosopher's collection Brainstorms. Another essay by this author invokes the taste of steaming cauliflower and two employees of Maxwell House coffee as part of 15 "intuition pumps" meant to complete the title task. With a title derived from this author's own Philosophical Lexicon, that essay "Quining Qualia" advances an eliminativist position much like this author's Consciousness Explained.  With his best-known book describing the power of evolution, FTP, identify this author of Darwin's Dangerous Idea, a philosopher of mind based at Tufts.;;(Daniel) Dennett
;;This work mentions a singer born under the sky of Hellas who "gave up his whole heart to the wonder-child" and travels to Palestine and Hindustan. It speaks of "the magic oil of the almond tree" and the "golden flood of the grapes" as among the places fools do not find a certain thing, and it claims that "unholy visit consumes the angel visit" of the title object. Its last section claims "a dream will dash our chains apart / and lay us in the Father's lap," while it opens asking "what living, sentient thing loves not the all-joyous light?" Earlier, it discusses "the crystal wave" which is the "barren mound" of the author's wife Sophie von Kuhn. A collection by the author of Heinrich von Ofterdingen, FTP, name this set of prose and verse works by Novalis, dedicated to the title figure.;;Hymns to the Night|Hymnen an die Nacht
;;In one work, this man argues that it is a "vulgar" position to hold that innate drives like aggressiveness are realized in social institutions, while he discusses Ratu Tanoa in a chapter entitled "The Culture of an Assassination." This author of The Use and Abuse of Biology and Apologies to Thucydides divided societal evolution into "general" and "specific" varieties in Evolution and Culture. He collaborated with Barrere on studies of Hawaii, drawn on for his Anahulu, and he entered into a debate with Gannath Obeyesekere over native perception of Captain Cook's death, prompted by his Historical Metaphors and Cultural Realities. He claimed that the flow of goods is constrained by etiquette in "On the Sociology of Primitive Exchange," which appears in a work that opens by claiming hunters are free from market obsessions. FTP, name this anthropologist who discussed "The Original Affluent Society" in his book Stone Age Economics.;;(Marshall) (David) Sahlins
;;This king's reign saw his nation win the battle of Ceserole against his arch rival and defeat a Swiss army at the battle of Marignano. Shortly after that latter victory, he agreed to the Concordat of Bologna which increased his power to tithe and appoint bishops, while deferring to the conciliar supremacy of Pope Leo X. Another event during his reign was the Affair of the Placards, which helped turn him against Protestant concessions. He was influenced by his sister, Marguerite d'Angouleme, and he married Claude, the daughter of his predecessor. He surrendered Burgundy to Spain by the Treaty of Madrid and famously met an English king at the "Field of the Cloth of Gold." Also known for patronizing artists like Del Sarto, Cellini, and Da Vinci, FTP, name this king who was defeated by Charles V at the Battle of Pavia, and who ruled France from 1515 to 1547.;;Francis I
;;The participants in this plan included James Montgomerie, who won a skirmish against Conde de Canillas, while others like Robert Pinkerton and Thomas Drummond were taken prisoner at various points by Don Juan Pimienta. It was written about in an account of another participant, Lionel Wafer. This event was planned by William Paterson, who boasted that he'd found "the Key to the Universe" in a proposal submitted to the Marquis of Tweeddale. That proposal was effectuated by five ships - including the Unicorn, Dolphin, and the Endeavour. It was largely prompted by the recent Glencoe Massacre, which caused widespread famine in the participant nation, leading its king James VII to approve plans to set up a site that would be dubbed "New Caledonia." FTP, name this failed scheme to establish a namesake Scottish colony in 1698 on the isthmus of Panama.;;Darien (expedition/scheme)
;;A form of this reaction is accelerated by Furstner and Langemann's synthesis of dactylol used gem-dimethyl substitution, via the Thorpe-Ingold effect. A method for carrying out a variant of this reaction uses resorcinol as co-catalyst and is named for Mortreux. A modified catalyst for this reaction employs a chelating isopropoxy group and is named in part for Hoyveda. The mechanism of this reaction features a metallocyclobutane intermediate and was proposed by Herison and Chauvin. This reaction's catalyst features two tricyclohexyl phosphine ligands and two chlorine ligands, with a benzyl carbene bound to its ruthenium center - that catalyst is named for Grubbs. FTP, name this equation for which the 2005 Nobel Prize was awarded, whose canonical case involves the cleavage of a double bond followed by recombination of the fragments into more alkenes.;;(olefin) metathesis
;;This author wrote about Jugo de la Raza, who buys a book at a stall on the Seine and is possessed by it, so that he can't bring himself to burn it or put it down, in How to Write a Novel. This author of Teresa: Rhymes of an Unknown Poet also wrote about a physician whose patients desert him when he decides to write sci-fi and fantasy instead, "The Madness of Doctor Montarco." In a work narrated by Angela Carballino, her brother Lazaro returns from America and interacts with a priest who has lost his faith - Saint Manuel the Good, Martyr. His oeuvre also includes a novel in which the protagonist loves Eugenia before meeting the author himself and dying. Augusto Perez is the protagonist of that work, and he wrote about the idea of spiritual anxiety in The Tragic Sense of Life. FTP, name this man who updated the story of Cain in Abel Sanchez, a member of "Generacion del 98" who also wrote Niebla.;;(Miguel) (de) Unamuno (y) (Jugo)
;;This man wrote that the development of "plastic sexuality" has led the ideals of romantic love to be replaced by "confluent love," in The Transformation of Intimacy. In one work, he identifies four components - procedural rules, moral rules, material resources, and resources of authority. He writes that "everyone still continues to live a local life, and the constraints of the body ensure that all individuals, at every moment, are contextually situated in time and space" - and discusses concepts like the "knowledgeability of the Agent" and "duality of structure." A chapter entitled "Living in the World: Dilemmas of the Self" is contained in his Modernity and Self-Identity. Also known for advocating the politics of the "Third Way," his most influential book The Constitution of Society outlines his theory of "structuration." FTP, name this British sociologist and buddy of Tony Blair.;;(Anthony) Giddens
;;The Whipple observatory originated the use of this effect to detect atmospheric high-energy gamma ray photons. The use of a periodic diffraction grating can produce this effect at any velocity, and photonic crystals can force this effect to occur at obtuse angles, its reverse-cone form. This effect results from an excess of negative charge in secondary particle showers, scaling with the square of net charge, according to the Askaryan effect, while the former type of this effect is known as the Smith-Purcell effect. The energy emitted per unit length by this effect is proportional to the integral of permeability times frequency times quantity one minus one over beta squared refractive index squared; that integral is performed over all frequencies such that velocity is greater than speed of light over the refractive index, the Frank-Tamm formula. FTP, name this cause of a nuclear reactor's blue glow, the consequence of charged particles traveling faster than the speed of light in a medium.;;Cherenkov (radiation)
;;Joan Didion cites this poem in Slouching Towards Bethlehem at the end of "Notes of a Native Daughter," writing that perhaps she's been playing out its central figure. The author of this poem wrote that it was one of only two he penned at Liverpool, the other being "Felix Randal," and this piece provides the title of a 2008 novel by Francine Prose. The text sees the narrator declare "Ah! As the heart grows older / It will come to such sights colder." He later says that "no mouth had, no nor mind expressed, what heart heard of, ghost guessed," before proclaiming "it is the blight man was born for." The poem begins with him asking "Margaret, are you grieving, over Goldengrove unleaving?," as it addressed to a young child. FTP, name this poem full of sprung rhythm and written by Gerard Manley Hopkins, which is titled after two seasons of the year.;;Spring and Fall
;;A region to the west of this body of water is called the "Putrid Sea," or the Sivash, which is separated from this body by the Arabat Spit. Once known as Lake Maeotis, its southern portion features a passage once known as the Strait of Yenikale. The northeast features the deposits at the Gulf of Taganrog and it is fed from the east by the Kuban River which enters it at Temryuk, while a larger city on its shores is Mariupol. Notably plagued by an invasion of Mnemopsis leydi, this body is known as the "Fish Sea" in one language. It is separated from a larger body of water to its south by the Isthmus of Perekop, as well as the Kerch Strait. FTP, name this body of water north of the Black Sea.;;Sea of Azov
;;The expulsion of Jesuits from this country from 1607 to 1767 was written about in a book by RB Cunninghame Graham entitled A Vanished Arcadia. This country is also the subject of The Politics of Exile by Paul Lewis. One of its earliest leaders executed his fellow consul Fulgencio Yegros, after which he placed all church employees on the state payroll, banned college education, and ended free trade - actions which led his reign to be called the "hermit state." That man, who went by the nickname "El Supremo," was Dr. Jose de Francia. Its opposition parties have included the Renovation Movement and a left-wing group known as the Febreristas, who set up a short-lived administration here in 1937, but soon gave way to leaders like Higinio Morinigo and Jose Estigarribia. FTP, name this country also ruled by Alfredo Stroessner and Francisco Solano Lopez.;;Paraguay
;;Nightside energy release due to the formation of a near and far x-line, resulting in "flux ropes," is an attempt to explain one feature of this region called the "near-earth neutral line" model. Instabilities in the entity that creates this region are measured by the K-index. A z-pinch called Birkeland currents occur here, and, in a namesake layer, which separates the plasma sheet from the ring current, this region displays Alfven waves. It exhibits "substorms," and its inner edge is made up of a layer where Schumann resonances may occur and which has sub-layers like Kennelly-Heaviside, that being the ionosphere. Ganymede is the only non-planet in the solar system to possess one of these, which contain a torus of plasma called the Van Allen belt. Generally denoted B, FTP, name this region of the atmosphere caused by interactions with the solar wind, named for the field that permeates it.;;magnetosphere
;;Near the end of this work, one character poses the riddle of what "goes round the house, and round the house, and never touches the houses." That character assures another that he's secured two horses for her "that will fly like Whistle-jacket," after she frets that she'll be sent to the house of her Aunt Pedigree, which is ten times worse than being locked up. In the preface to this work, the author notes that taking on a "comedy not merely sentimental was very dangerous." A character mistakenly believes he's arrived at Buck's Head Inn, which is confused with the Three Jolly Pigeons, but he's set straight by the woman with whom he desires to elope Constance Neville. The collection of jewels owned by Constance is coveted by the mother of Kate Hardcastle, but Kate is happily allowed to marry Marlow in the end by Tony Lumpkin. FTP, name this five act play by Oliver Goldsmith.;;She Stoops to Conquer
;;The success of the winning army in this battle was quickly muted by a loss that resulted in the Truce of Esplechin in the same year. This contest was preceded three years earlier by the Battle of Cadzand at the same site. The winning force grew in strength by meeting up with Robert Morley and dividing itself into three sections, with archers on the outside flank. The other side included a force from Genoa under Egidio Barbavera, which escaped while the main force under Nicolas Behuchet and Hugues Quieret was destroyed. The king leading the winning force tried to follow it up with a siege of Tournai, but was rebuffed and returned to his queen Philippa of Hainault. A landmark victory for that king Edward III over Philip VI, FTP, name this 1340 battle, probably the most important naval engagement of the Hundred Years War.;;(Battle) (of) Sluys
;;A recent study suggests that one compound used for this procedure, deferasirox, is useful as an adjunctive therapy for the fungal infection mucormycosis. In Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice, another type of this procedure has been found to inhibit beta-amyloid buildup, and one type that acts on calcium has controversially been used to treat atherosclerosis. This procedure is often used to alleviate the effects of treatments for thalassemia major like constant blood transfusions and the suppression of erythropoiesis, leading to iron overload. This type of treatment has been administered to autistic patients after autism was speculated to be caused by mercury poisoning. Compounds used in it operate by creating multiple bonds with a center atom at unsafe levels in the body. FTP, name this treatment in which compounds like EDTA and DMSA are used to remove heavy metals from the body.;;chelation (therapy)
;;This artist created a grid of barbed wire splashed with red paint representing blood in a work entitled Lace Curtain for Mayor Daley. He wrote that "the human in language is literature, not communication" in his essay "The First Man Was an Artist," published while editor for Tiger's Eye - in other settings, he denied that art is concerned with the problem of beauty and famously quipped "aesthetics is for the artist as ornithology is for the birds." Later in life, he painted a series of lithographs dubbed the 18 Cantos and a series entitled Who's Afraid of Red Yellow and Blue?. His more famous work includes an eighteen-foot wide red canvas entitled Vir Heroicus Sublimis, now housed at MOMA, and a massive sculpture called the Broken Obelisk which sits outside the Rothko Chapel in Houston, as well as the fourteen paintings in his celebrated Stations of the Cross group. FTP, name this abstract expressionist famous for canvases featuring long vertical lines that he called "zips.".;;(Barnett) Newman
;;This man drove his rival Edward Collins out of business by refusing to accept a subsidy, but he shut down a venture nicknamed the "People's Line" after being paid off by his competitors. His wife Sophia operated a riverside hotel known as "Bellona Hall," and his longtime rivalry with Daniel Drew led him to be the target of a conspiracy by C.K. Garrison and Charles Morgan, his former business agents. Also known for financing the stock-broking career of Victoria Woodhull, his youth was spent working for Thomas Gibbons. He famously wrote "I will not sue you, as the law is too slow; I will destroy you" as part of the so-called "Erie War," in which he opposed Gould and Fisk for control of New York railroads. FTP, name this railroad baron nicknamed the Commodore, the namesake of a private university in Tennessee.;;(Cornelius) Vanderbilt
;;One character in this novel promises not to interfere with the property rights of the Rozlogi estate in return for consent to marry his beloved, and later that character is saved from Tugai Bey's wrath by a stranger who he found injured in a marsh and nursed back to health at the beginning of this novel. A maiden held captive by the witch Horpyna is rescued by a party led by the boisterous knight Zagloba, who learns the evil Bogun had orchestrated the kidnapping of Princess Helena because she promised her hand in marriage to the protagonist. At the end of this novel the protagonist, Lieutenant Pan Yan, alerts King Kasimir of the siege of Zbaraz in which Prince Yeremi fought off Hmelnitski's Cossack and Tartar forces. Forming a trilogy with Fire in the Steppe and The Deluge, FTP, name this bloody historical novel written by Henryk Sienkiewicz.;;With Fire and Sword
;;One of this man's contributions was proposing an "aesthetics from below," an empirical theory by which simple objects were ranked by how many subjects found them visually pleasing. He satirized the apparent medical belief that iodine was a panacea in "Proof That Man is Made of Iodine," written under his pseudonym Dr. Mises. He posited three periods of human existence beginning with sleep until birth, then "sleeping and waking," then permanent wakefulness after death in his The Little Book Concerning Life after Death. He also composed a work on the "Nanna" or "soul of plants," a worldview he continued to expound in his treatise Zend Avesta: On the Things of Heaven and the Hereafter. More famously, he showed that the log of the physical magnitude of stimulus multiplied by a constant is equal to perceived magnitude of a sensation. FTP, name this man who, along with Ernst Weber, was a founder of psychophysics.;;(Gustav) (Theodor) Fechner
;;In the music video to this song, one speaker raps from a couch in front of an impressionist painting of a naked woman with a wine bottle covering her head, while another speaker wears a white dress with a woman's head on it. Lyrics sung by the main speaker include "watch me, I'm intoxicated," "watch me getting physical and out of control", and "I like to move it / come and give me some more." That singer, whose temperature is rising and about to explode, exhorts the listener to steal the night, kill the lights, and feel it under your skin. She's also infected by the sound and being killed by the beat, necessitating the title public health measure. FTP, name this summer 2009 hit by Cascada, whose refrain implores that part of a club be cleared of people.;;Evacuate the Dancefloor
;;This author wrote a short story in which Rudolf Miller agonizes over confessing sins to Father Schwartz, like yelling "23 Skadoo" at an old woman. Another story sees a protagonist classify people as "feline" or "canine," and a man named in honor of Robert Service, Dangerous Dan McGrew - though the protagonist, a native of Tarleton, gets trapped in the title structure. In addition to "Absolution" and "The Ice Palace," this author wrote about a run-in with a girl from Harrisburg, during which Gordon asks Dean for a $300 loan in the story "May Day." Another story sees a descendant of George Washington read his slaves a proclamation by Nathan Bedford Forest stating the South won the civil war. In that work, a man from the town of Hades named John T. Unger witnesses Braddock trying to bribe god with a gigantic jewel. FTP, name this author of stories like "Babylon Revisited" and "The Diamond as Big as the Ritz".;;(Francis) (Scott) (Key) Fitzgerald
;;Jacobsen's synthesis of quinine relied on one of these reactions, followed by epoxide formation, immediately before the final cyclization step. The main reagent used in this reaction can be regenerated using potassium ferricyanide or NMO, and stereoselectivity in this reaction is achieved by using either AD-mix-alpha or AD-mix-beta. Controversy exists as to whether the ligand complex adds to the reactant via a [3+2] cycloaddition or [2+2] addition followed by expansion, and the ligand consists of two DHQD units bound to PHAL, which creates an enzyme-like binding pocket. This reaction is a stereoselective modification of the Upjohn method and uses osmium tetroxide. It shares its namesake with an oxyamination and an epoxidation. FTP, name this reaction used to synthesize diols, named for the pioneer of click chemistry, the great American chemist K. Barry.;;Sharpless (asymmetric) (dihydroxylation)
;;Visitors to this city might enjoy visiting the Jeevanjee Gardens, Sorsbie Art Gallery, David Sheldrick Centre, or Railroad Museum and they might arrive via the domestic Wilson Airport in the south. The dam named after this city is produced by the Motoine River, and its namesake river flows into the Athi River system in the southeast, though those waters have been polluted by this city's Kibera slums. Situated northwest of Machakos, it's sometimes called the "green city in the sun" and its name means "place of cool waters" in Masai, though the majority of its current residents are Kikuyu. Connected by rail to its country's second biggest city Mombasa, FTP, name this African capital home to plenty of stuff named for Jomo Kenyatta.;;Nairobi
;;One of these musical compositions opens with a unison F- G-flat - E-F motif in the strings. Another ends with a fermata chord to be held "tres long" and contains directions for the choir to perform all solos; that work was written by Maurice Durufle. Luigi Cherubini composed a notable one in C minor dedicated to Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, which Beethoven remarked should be a model for all future versions. Dvorak's Opus 89 is another example in B-flat minor, while the first polyphonic setting is attributed to Johannes Ockeghem. Robert Schumann composed one of these "for Mignon" based on the work of Goethe, while a more famous one in fourteen movements was commissioned by Franz von Walsegg and completed by Franz Sussmayr. FTP, name this type of composition from which the "Dies Irae" was omitted by Faure, another example of which is the "German" one by Brahms.;;requiem (masses)
;;According to one legend, this emperor dreamed of a broken bow on the night that a barbarian leader he was at war with died. He reversed the foreign policy of his predecessor's favorite eunuch, Chrysaphius, most notably the payment of tribute to the Huns. He came to power after marrying that predecessor's sister, Pulcheria. This emperor refused to aid his counterpart Petronius Maximus against Geiseric, after allowing the assassination of Valentinian III and the sack of Rome by the Vandals in 455. One of the first acts of this successor to Theodosius II was to repudiate the "Robber Synod" and call a council condemning the Monophysites. FTP, name this Eastern Roman Emperor who convoked the Council of Chalcedon.;;Marcian
;;One of the final scenes in this novel gives details about the Morningdale Scandal, while much earlier the narrator describes the Tokens Controversy. Homosexuals in the novel are given the name "Umbrellas", and when the narrator gets caught going through a dirty magazine, she's looking at women's faces. Miss Lucy is found crying in Room 14 at one point, though earlier she indicated it wasn't crucial for students to get their work accepted to Madam Claude's gallery. The narrator admits to holding to an incorrect assumption about a woman told she couldn't have babies who ended up having them, while interpreting the title song as a youth. That protagonist, a long-time friend of Ruth, becomes a Carer, while her lover Tommy becomes a donor.  FTP, identify this novel about children cloned to harvest organs by Kazuo Ishiguro.;;Never Let Me Go
;;One of this man's future projects is a scimitar-shaped apartment complex in Warsaw called Zlota 44, while another project is the white polyhedral addition to the City University of Hong Kong, the Creative Media Centre. He designed a cube-shaped building with diagonal slits for Bar-Illan University, the Wohl Convention Center. A shattered globe design was the inspiration for his Imperial War Museum in Manchester, and he added a glass courtyard to the Jewish museum in Berlin in addition to constructing the 2008 version of the Contemporary Jewish Museum in the Yerba Buena Gardens of San Francisco. He designed a series of residences and the spike-shaped Frederick C. Hamilton building as an extension to the Denver Art Museum, while another project will contain a transit station by Calatrava, a cultural complex by Gehry, and a centerpiece tower by David Childs planned to be 1776 feet tall. FTP, name this architect who won the contest to design the 9/11 memorial.;;(Daniel) Liebskind
;;This thinker wrote a work in which he argued for the preservation of certain elements of upper-class mentality, entitled Beginnings of the Bourgeois Philosophy of History. That essay, along with others like one concerned with the pernicious influence of fascism, were collected in Between Philosophy and Social Science. One of his most important works contains sections such as "Means and Ends" and "Conflicting Panaceas;" those sections discuss distinctions between subjective, objective, and instrumental versions of the title concept, with emphasis on how the Nazis applied it. Along with another writer, this author of The Authoritarian State and The Eclipse of Reason wrote a work which contained two Excurses on Odysseus and Juliette and a discussion of anti-Semitism, in addition to an exposition of what he called the "culture industry." FTP, name this man who wrote The Dialectic of Enlightenment with Theodor Adorno.;;(Max) Horkheimer
;;This substance determines the sex genotypes of cucurbits because the genes associated with its production occur on its sex chromosome. A hydrolase derived from the T3 phage can be used to stop its production, and FE(II) dioxygenase can be used to synthesize it. The gas 1-MCP is used to counteract its effects, and this substance is responsible for the behavior of epinasty. Discovered in organisms by Gane, it is produced when ATP and water are combined with methione to form ACC. Able to cause downward-oriented growth in organisms, it's responsible for shrinkage of the hypocotyls and the presence of an apical hook in seeds, known as the "triple response." Other substances involved in the production of this hormone include indole acetic acid, and cytokinins are responsible for its occurrences. Responsible for abscission, germination and the ripening of fruit, FTP, name this gaseous plant hormone that is also the simplest alkene.;;ethylene
;;One side theater in this conflict weakened King Woo's forces enough to allow his overthrow by a general made famous through his exploits in that theater at Yi Song-gye. Some recent scholarship has attributed doctrinal innovations underlying one side's recruiting success to a monk named P'eng Ying-yu, who promoted the merging of Manichaeism with a cult that elevated Han Shantong to divine status. After apparent defeat, Liu Futong's army was supplemented by rebels under Zhu Yuanzhang, resulting in the torching of the capital Dadu and the purging of the Mongols from power in 1368. FTP, name this rebellion by which the Hongwu Emperor overthrew the Yuan dynasty in favor of the Ming.;;(the) Red Turban (rebellion)
;;One of this author's poems imagines a "hundred negroes with a hundred lances" and a prince that draws near "with sword and goshawk," and begins by asking "Why from her lips are song and laughter dying?" and "Why is the princess sighing?" A different poem discusses "foam pregnant with salt and iodine" and a man who has seen "the forceful typhoons of Chinawhile drinking from his flask of gin." In another work, this author writes "You join the cult of Hercules to the cult of Mammon, / and illuminating the road of easy conquest," concluding by saying "although you count on everything, you lack one thing: God!" This author of "Sonatina" and "Symphony in Gray Major" also wrote the lines "you are the future invader of the naive America that has Indian bloodyou are an Alexander-Nebuchadnezzar." FTP, name this author of "To Roosevelt," Prosas Profanas, and Azul - a poet and diplomat from Nicaragua.;;(Ruben) Dario
;;An early corpus of dance music by this composer attempts to sample all national styles and is known as the Suite Caracteristique. In one work by this composer, the Countess Sybille points to a statue called the White Lady, and in accordance with tradition several presents are laid by the statue, including those of the Saracen knight Abderakhman. Following the premiere of this man's Second Symphony dedicated to Liszt at the Paris World Exhibition, he fell into a crisis of creativity until publication of that ballet Raymonda. He became director of the St. Petersburg Conservatory in 1905 and re-wrote the overture from Prince Igor from memory to facilitate the project of finishing Mussorgsky's works, along with his teacher Rimsky-Korsakov. FTP, name this Russian composer of eight symphonies and the ballet The Seasons.;;(Aleksander) (Konstantinovich) Glazunov
;;A work of fiction in this book describes a couple embracing and kissing each other while standing in a field of violets. One character in this book discusses his theories on how all scenic glances are composed of air and distance, but it's the supernaturalism that makes them special. George tosses some pictures besmirched with blood into a river after an Italian is stabbed. The protagonist of this work is disappointed while traveling with Mr. Eager, because the book-writing Miss Lavish is using a murder for her novel. It begins at the Bertolini Pension, where Reverend Beebe does a room swap with Charlotte Bartlett. FTP, name this novel in which Cecil Vyse and Lucy Honeychurch interact with George Emerson and spend some time gazing out from the title location, a work written by E.M. Forster.;;(A) Room with a View
;;One interpretation of a myth says that this deity performed self-sacrifice, along with Tecciztecatl and Nanahuatzin, to create the sun. Another myth states that this deity was involved in the creation of the wind deity Ehecatl, who is usually an aspect of one of this god's children. This deity was the subject of a murder plot by Coyolxauqui who rallied the "four hundred southerners" into a mass beheading, until another deity sprang into life fully armed and slew them. Known for wearing a necklace of hearst, ahnds, and skulls and a skirt of writhing snakes, she was impregnated by a ball of feathers while sweeping a temple, leading her to birth twins. FTP, name this mother of Xolotl, Huitzlipoctli, and Quetzalcoatl, the Great Mother goddess of Aztec mythology.;;Coatlicue
;;A re-release of this album contains a cover of the Marvin Gaye song "Baby Don't You Do It." One song on this album was contributed by the bassist, noting that "I ain't been home since Friday night," and thus "murdered in cold blood is what I'm gonna be," by the title person "My Wife." This album absorbed ideas from a project which caused the departure of producer Kit Lambert, Lifehouse. Another song suggests that the singer "puts my finger down my throat" after reflecting that "No one knows what it's like to be the bad man." Yet another song begins with a synthesizer solo, finishes with a gypsy fiddle solo, and contains a bridge that implores "Don't cry. Don't raise your eyes" because "It's only teenaged wasteland." FTP, name this fifth album by The Who, which contains "Behind Blue Eyes" and "Baba O'Riley.".;;Who's Next?
;;This play features a character who claims he is a "mere shadow of a man; of all ghosts haunting this town today, none is ghostlier than I." In the final scene, that character tells the story of a flute player who was able to chase away all the rats of a city before disappearing. One scene in this play begins with the protagonist and his tutor observing a cavern with a huge black boulder in front of it, and the play begins with images of an Idiot Boy and a statue of Zeus with white eyes and blood smeared on his cheeks being shown onstage. The protagonist seeks refuge in the Temple of Apollo, because he kills Clytemnestra and Aegisthus. FTP, name this play in which Zeus is the God of the title creatures, an adaptation of the Oresteia with an existential overlay, written by Jean-Paul Sartre.;;(The) Flies
;;A visit to the site of this battle, which is identified as Maiden Island, is recounted in "Two Weeks in the Wilderness" by Alexis de Tocqueville. When the first lieutenant of the winning side was wounded, the militia officer Robert Irvine was forced to take command, after that army had stripped the cannon at Fort Malden. During the departure from Black Rock, a thick fog briefly came to the aid of Robert Barclay. The other side's commander transferred to the Niagra after the flagship Lawrence was damaged; both of those ships were part of a ten-ship fleet hastily constructed at Put-In Bay, Ohio. FTP, name this battle that decided the Northwest phase of the War of 1812 as Oliver Hazard Perry destroyed the British fleet on the namesake body of water.;;(Battle) (of) Lake Erie
;;This artist's work was rediscovered when a monograph consisting of a five-point star enclosing a symbol resembling an inverted "m" was uncovered by curators at the Louvre. A late self-portrait by this painter utilizes the motif of a double-bowed violin, while another piece shows an oil lamp casting a long shadow off canvas at left, its flame flickering above the open hand of a fur-hatted man offering seven gold coins to a woman who is sewing and ignoring him. In addition to that work, Man Offering Woman Money, this artist's nominal Self-Portrait shows the painting of a man in blue playing a double-bowed violin by a woman reclining on a chair wearing a black, boned chest garment, circular lace collar, and sheer bonnet. Also known for The Flute Player and Jester with a Lute, FTP, name this painter who worked in Haarlem during the Dutch Renaissance, a female protegee of the Hals brothers.;;(Judith) (Jans) Leyster
;;H. Auden wrote a poem dedicated to this man that ends "He saves by suffering in a public place / a death reserved for slaves." Mary Glazener fictionalized the life of this man in her novel The Cup of Wrath. This figure was assisted by Payne Best, and he argued for the divine reality of the church by urging Christians not to wait for divine revelation. Another of his works argues that humanity should not believe in Christ's resurrection, putting that concept into a "realm of ambiguity," and argues against literal interpretation the Old Testament. This figure also informed Bishop George Bell of his plans to assist Abwehr, before he was arrested. FTP, name this author of The Cost of Discipleship and Letters and Papers from Prison, a German theologian executed by the Nazis for trying to assassinate Hitler.;;(Dietrich) Bonhoeffer
;;The title figure of this work walks like a black mist when shot at and groans like a thousand sinners when he died. One character tells about how he had to dive into a lake, only to be laughed at because the creature killed by his dog Bowie Knife was female. The title location of this story is described as a place where potatoes look like Indian Mounds. Found in its author's The Hive of "The Beehunter," this tale is set as a frame narrative in which the unnamed narrator listens to a story on a steamboat on the Mississippi. FTP, name this short story in which Jim Doggett kills the title ursine creature, written by Thomas Bangs Thorpe.;;(The) Big Bear of Arkansas
;;Though this man was better known for studying a different group, two of his late works are a study of German society, including Towards an Understanding of Germany. He wrote about the tendency to venerate elders and accord them special prestige in a work on "Age Societies," and wrote about evolution of social hierarchy and organization in The Origin of the State. His best known works argued that cultural traits frequently cross boundaries, making cultural evolutionism an untenable theory - those works include Primitive Religion and Primitive Society. Known for fieldwork among the Crow Indians, he notably argued that anthropologists should preserve aspects of indigenous culture before they disappear. FTP, name this man who developed salvage ethnography with his colleague Alfred Kroeber.;;(Robert) Lowie
;;Social reforms accomplished under this monarch include implementation of the "reduktion" campaign, which returned several estates from the nobility to the crown. This ruler acquired the repurchase of Gotland from the Livonian Order, and rejected a double-wedding proposal from England which would have married Henry V to this ruler's niece, Catherine, who later wed John of Neumarkt. The Compact of Nyborg returned Holstein to this ruler, who feuded with Henry of Mecklenberg when Henry attempted to establish his own rule. This monarch was succeeded by Eric of Pomerania, after previously serving as regent for him, and her marriage to Haakon allowed her to obtain one of her three seats of authority. FTP, name this queen who founded the Kalmar Union, uniting Norway, Sweden, and Denmark.;;(Queen) Margaret (I) (of) (Norway(,)) (Sweden(,)) (and) (Denmark)
;;The Eisenberg group's Nazarov-Michael sequence used a catalyst employing this element for both steps, and the dodecacarbonyl of this element is used to prepare catalysts for the water gas shift reaction. George Morris and his mentor discovered a square planar catalyst with this element for alkene hydrogenation that is far faster than Wilkinson's; that compound is called Crabtree's catalyst. Another catalyst of this element was replaced when a rhodium catalyst was used instead to carbonylate methanol - that reaction is the Cativa Process. This element is the central component of Vaska's complex, and it was the first one to be shown to display the Mossbauer effect. The second-densest element after osmium, FTP, name this element shown to exist near the K-T boundary in support of the Alvarez Hypothesis, and is named for its rainbow-like color.;;iridium
;;When one character in this work is asked whether he believes in the crucifixion, he qualifies his response by noting "that chickens are roughly egg-shaped" and he's been raised in an "Episcopal cruciform box." In order to get a real estate deal for an airport, the work's protagonist gives $1000.00 to the town drunk, Danny Taylor, so that he will drink himself to death. The protagonist's daughter Ellen tips off the "I Love America" essay committee about her brother, Allen, who plagiarized Henry Clay. Upon seeing the talisman in his pocket, the protagonist decides against suicide at his seaside grotto, after he failed to pull off a bank heist next to the store he inherited from his boss, Alfio Marullo, whom he reported on immigration charges. Telling of the moral decay of Ethan Allen Hawley, this is, FTP, what novel by John Steinbeck, which takes its name from the opening line of Richard III?.;;(The) Winter of Our Discontent
;;This model was generalized to two-product systems with any number of intermediates by Bloomfield, Peller, and Alberty. King and Altman laid the groundwork for Hill's diagram method for this model. It is extended into a two-state system by the Goldbeter-Koshland formula, and the Hill equation measures a factor that leads to deviations from this model. The Hanes-Woolf plot is an attempt to linearize this model, which invokes quasi-steady-state conditions set out by Briggs and Haldane. In other linearizations, the even weighting of the Eadie-Hofstee diagram is preferred to the uneven weights implicit in the double-reciprocal Lineweaver-Burk plot. FTP, name this model which gives initial reaction rate as equal to maximum rate times substrate concentration over a constant plus substrate concentration.;;Michaelis(-)Menten(-)Henri (kinetics)
;;In one essay, this author asks "When the Furniture is Talking, how Can You Sleep?" - in another essay, he discusses the "Joys of Degradation" in Dostoyevsky's Notes Form the Underground. A craftsman in one of his works laments that the faces in his city are unsuitable for the creation of mannequins, and a prince laments that it's impossible for him to do anything but die or go mad. In another work, a man is obsessed with his poor cousin, a salesperson at a clothing boutique, who purposely crashes his car into a tree and dies. A production of Thomas Kyd's The Spanish Tragedy sees an actor in another work stage his own death, after agreeing to release a man named Blue. This author of the collection Other Colors also wrote of an Italian scholar captured by pirates en route to Naples, and enslaved by his double Hoja. FTP, name this author of The Black Book, The White Castle, and Snow, a modern writer from Turkey.;;(Orhan) Pamuk
;;This man names a result where the removal of a countable set from the two-sphere results in three congruent subsets A, B, and C that are also congruent to B union C, this man's paradox. With Baker and Campbell, he names a formula that gives Z if Z is equal to the log of e to the X times e to the Y, if X and Y do not commute. Also called the Kuratowski lemma, his earlier formulation of Zorn's lemma is called his maximality principle. A form of convergence also named for Gromov is based in part on the distance between two subsets of a metric space, which is named for him, and another concept named for him may be estimated by Frostman's lemma. FTP, give this namesake of a kind of space separated by the T2 [T-2] condition, where there exists a neighborhood that includes one of two distinct points, as well as a quantity equal to two for the Mandelbrot set.;;(Felix) Hausdorff
;;Although the use of this amendment was watered down by cases like Robertson v. Baldwin and Butler v. Perry, the same era witnessed it used to strike down a law in Bailey v. Alabama. Potter Stewart used this amendment as the basis of his controversial decision in Jones v. Mayer, which empowered Title 42, Section 1982 of the U.S. Code. This amendment's language resulted from a combination of the proposal of James Wilson with that of James Ashley and John Henderson. Its text was based on a portion of the Northwest Ordinance, and much of its jurisprudence concerns "badges and incidents." Discussed extensively in the Peonage Cases, it was explicitly expanded to Mexican and Chinese labor by the Slaughterhouse Cases. FTP, name this amendment ratified shortly after the Civil War, which bans slavery.;;Thirteenth (Amendment)
;;This athlete was once videotaped holding a cigar in his mouth emerging from the Mecklenburg County Jail after a DUI, before which he'd caught fire for referring to teammates by racial slurs as a means of bonding. He was picked up in 1998 by the New Orleans Saints, but benched after 7 games in favor of Danny Wuerffel and Billy Joe Tolliver. With his next team, he came in as the backup to Kent Graham but was quickly promoted. He was the first player drafted in the history of the Carolina Panthers, taken fifth in 1995, after an undefeated collegiate season which saw him throw to teammates like Kyle Brady and hand the ball to Ki-Jana Carter. His appearance in the Super Bowl saw him throw four interceptions and lose to opposing QB Trent Dilfer of the Baltimore Ravens. FTP, name this former Penn State quarterback who now starts ahead of Vince Young for the Tennessee Titans.;;(Kerry) Collins
;;Mark Womack authored an essay "on the value of" this poem, which Arthur Barker argued is composed of three separate but parallel movements. Its final passage refers to the "uncouth Swain" who "touch'd the tender stops of various Quills," and appears to introduce a new narrator in ottava rima. Earlier, the poet refers to the "fair Guerdon when we hope to find and think to burst out into sudden blaze" before speaking of the "blind Fury with th' abhorred shears" who "slits the think spun life." More famous passages refer to the "two-handed engine" which may represent a sword and the "Pilot of the Galilean lake." Opening "yet once more, O ye laurels, and once more ye myrtles brown," this self-described monody was written on the death of Edward King by drowning on the Irish Seas. FTP, name this elegy for a dead shepherd by John Milton.;;Lycidas
;;One attempt to model this phenomenon involves a Schrodinger analogue called the Wheeler-deWitt equation, as well as a set of variables that employ an SU(2) gauge field, and its complement named for Ashtekhar. A unification of this force with electromagnetism has only been developed to one plus one dimensions and involves a particle called the dilaton. Models requiring the carriers of this force work on tree and one-loop diagrams, but additional loops in Feynman diagrams result in ultraviolet divergence. These objects, under string theory, would be able to move between branes. FTP, name this force, whose bosons are predicted by string theory to be closed strings and which quantum theory knows to be spin-two, the weakest of the fundamental forces, since it varies with the inverse square of distance, the product of masses, and a tiny coefficient G.;;gravity
;;A treatise on the technique for this instrument was written by Evelyn Rothwell, whose husband John Barbirolli wrote a concerto for it using themes of Pergolesi. It introduces a fugue in C which represents God in Stravinsky's Symphony of Psalms, and the refrain of the rondo finale from a concerto for this instrument was re-used in the aria "Welch' Wonne, Welch' Lust" from The Abduction from the Seraglio - that concerto was reworked by Mozart into his Flute Concerto in D major. An exchange between a shepherd and shepherdess is represented by two of these in Symphonie Fantastique. This instrument represents birds in the triplet opening of Delius's On Hearing the First Cuckoo of Spring, as well as in The Four Seasons and the Danse Macabre by Saint-Saens where it depicts a roosters' show. FTP, name this instrument which also represents a duck in Peter and the Wolf.;;oboes
;;In one scene, the title character declares that he has eyes like stone and that no one in his family can cry as a result, but he offers to help his friend by shouting out "Woe!." Later, that friend says that the fun of being a lover lies in acting like a fool and begs the title character to give him that pleasure. The prologue is noted for its brevity, declaring that the audience should take advantage of the brief pause to stretch their legs, because this work is its author's longest. One character adopts the pseudonym Syrus after promising another that he would cheat him of all of the money that he needs and then tricking Harpax into giving him a letter with an important seal. The reading of a letter at the beginning reveals that the pimp Ballio has sold the central female to a Macedonian general, but the title character sets out to help his master Calidorus rescue his love. FTP, name this play by Plautus, named after a character whose name is Greek for "liar.".;;Pseudolus
;;This movement was foreshadowed seven years earlier by a group called the "Company of the Caterpillar," or the Bruco. An early version of the movement may have been recognized by the Duke of Athens, Walter of Brienne, though the Duke and his men originally used its name to refer to worthless subjects. This group's formation was often seen as divine retribution for the War of the Eight Saints, which concluded in the same year. Their request for participation in government was formalized by a declaration at Ronco. Shortly thereafter, Michele de Lando was awarded the office of gonfaloniere, though this group would soon be defeated at the Piazza della Signoria. FTP, name this revolutionary group of disenfranchised wool-workers, who controlled Florence as part of a certain "tumult" in 1378.;;Ciompi
;;The L1 ligase one of these objects was developed by Robertson and Elington. One of these objects creates a five prime lariat cap, increasing the half-life and therefore the fitness of a homing endonuclease. That object occurs in the gene I-DirI and is called the GIRI branching one. One of these objects is found in tobacco ringspot virus and is called "hairpin," and the B6.61 one of these can add twenty nucleotides to a primer template before decomposing. The best known of these has invariant positions G12 and G8 serving as general base and general acid and can cleave between one base and an A, C, or U base. Many of these entities require divalent metal cofactors like magnesium, and most of them conduct their own hydrolysis or hydrolysis of similar structures, like the best-known Hammerhead one. FTP, name this class of RNA enzymes.;;ribozyme
;;This work asserts that the secular world is full of contradictions that allow it to mirror the holy one and establish itself independently "in the clouds," and that it must be annihilated both "theoretically and practically." One section maintains that all "mysteries that lead theory to mysticism" can be solved through understanding human practice. This work rejects "religious sentiment" as a "social product" and argues against the equating of the "essence of man" with the "essence of religion". Its last section claims that previous philosophers have only interpreted the world, but what is "crucial is to change it". It contends that the title thinker does not understand the meaning of "revolutionary" and blasts him for limiting authentic human activity to theoretical sensuous contemplation. A critique of the author of Thoughts on Death and Immortality, FTP, name this collection of eleven statements that outline objections to the author of The Essence of Christianity, written by Karl Marx.;;Theses on Feuerbach
;;One dissent in this case attacks the majority for acting "as a Platonic guardian admonishing those responsible for public opinion as if they were truant schoolchildren." This decision was upheld a year later by two cases, United States v. Haggerty and U.S. v. Eichman, which invalidated analogous federal laws and were argued by the same attorney David Cole. The majority cites the closely-related case Spence v. Washington to dismiss the asserted government interest and references Stromberg v. California. A somewhat surprising dissent by Justice Stevens relies upon the unique nature of the interest at stake to disagree with Brennan's majority. It invalidated the conviction of a man fined $2000 and sentenced a year in prison, much to the dismay of Rehnquist, whose dissent quotes from "Barbara Fritchie" and the "Concord Hymn." FTP, name this 1989 case which upheld the protected nature of flag burning.;;Texas v(.) Johnson
;;One character in this novel cries "I suppose that accursed pair in the temple are jealous because I have a red robe to a town goddess," when an overseer is found dying after his first grandson's birth. That protagonist also intends to feed his "poor fool" some poison after he dies in this novel, and after his wicked uncle reveals his false red beard to him, he starts feeding that uncle opium to placate him. Years after traveling south on a fire-wagon, the protagonist falls out with his son after learning of his desire for the master of the slave Cuckoo, a woman by the name Lotus, who was his concubine. This first book in the trilogy including Sons and A House Divided features a woman bought from the Great House of Hwang and named O-Lan. FTP, name this novel about the rise of the Chinese farmer Wang Lung, written by Pearl S. Buck.;;(The) Good Earth
;;Commanders on the losing side of this battle included Servius Fidenas and Cornelius Maluginensis, and in its aftermath, the victor reportedly threw his sword onto a scale and declared "Vae victis," thereby increasing the amount of tribute to be paid to him. Another story says that the sacred geese aroused M. Manlius Capitolinus in time to repel a surprise attack. The victorious commander was Brennus, who forced the losing force to flee to Veii, which had recently been captured by Camillus. FTP, name this battle probably fought in 390 BC, which saw the Gauls crush the Romans, and was named for a tributary of the Tiber River.;;(Battle) (of) (the) Allia (River)
;;One character in this work tells a story about stopping at a monastery to ask for shoes, only to be told to "Piss off" by a monk. That character also complains about "Blacks, Greeks, Poles" "doing [him] out of a seat" and vows revenge against an ex-co-worker. In another scene in this work, one character chases another around with a vacuum cleaner. One character in this work repeatedly asserts a need to "get down to Sidcup" to recover his papers, which would prove that the name "Bernard Jenkins" was only an alias. This play ends after one character smashes a statue of the Buddha, while its second act ends with a monologue in which one character expresses the desire to build "that shed out in the garden" and reveals that his brain damage arose from botched electroshock therapy. Opening with Aston inviting the homeless Davies into his messy apartment, FTP, identify this play whose only other character is Aston's brother Mick, who looks after both his brother and the central house, a work by Harold Pinter.;;(The) Caretaker
;;After the passing of its founder, this empire adapted the traditional system of titled offices known as sarauta, though it had initially been prohibited. That founder of this dynasty appointed his brother to rule its twin capital at Gwandu, and himself was a Fulbe scholar of the Qadiriyya brotherhood. This polity came into being after the forceful unification of states like Kano and Gobir that had belonged to the confederacy of Hausaland. Founded after the jihad of the scholar Usman Dan Fodio, a man of the Fulani tribe dubbed "Commander of the Faithful," it was easily the largest post-16th century empire on the African continent. Founded in 1815, FTP, name this caliphate that stretched from modern Burkina Faso to Cameroon.;;Sokoto (Caliphate)
;;This author took the pseudonym Emmet Street for his crime novel published serially in thirty installments, The Scarperer. A play by this author ends with the rising of a corpse who sings "The bells of hell go ting-a-ling-a-ling for you, but not for me" after that young solder Leslie Williams had fallen in love with Teresa only to be killed. This author collected his newspaper articles in Hold Your Hour and Have Another. In another work, he relates the hanging of a man at Montjoy Prison for a mysterious crime, in a play whose title refers to a homosexual inmate, The Quare Fellow. FTP, name this author of The Borstal Boy, a former member of the Irish Republican Army who drunk himself to death at age 31.;;(Brendan) (Francis) Behan
;;In this novel, a version of Venus de Milo with a clock embedded in her stomach is included in the Sylvannus Snodgrass' Chamber of American Horrors, a show the protagonist joins after he's scalped by Indians. After shooting Chief Jake Raven, a Pike County man rapes the protagonist's lover after setting a bear trap by the door, a ploy which proves successful when the protagonist loses his leg. That love interest, Betty Prail, had earlier been enslaved in Wu Fong's brothel, and the protagonist is shot by the Communist "Leather Jackets" after unsuccessfully following the advice of the president of the Rat River Bank named Shagpoke Whipple. FTP, name this work subtitled "The Dismantling of Lemuel Pitkin," a parody of Horatio Alger novels which is named for a large amount of money and written by Nathanael West.;;(A) Cool Million
;;Llanes-Estrada, Cotanch, General, and Wang created an analogue of this statement in the momentum distribution of heavy-quark hadron decays, and a convenient visualization for this statement is the "parabola" named for its second namesake. This statement provided an explanation for Stokes' shift, that fluorescence band wavelengths are longer than absorption band wavelengths, and it functions as an extension to the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. This statement arises because nuclei are so much larger than electrons that they remain stationary on the timescale of photon absorption and emission, leading to vibrations, and it predicts electronic transitions to occur as the absolute square of the overlap integral, its namesake factor. FTP, name this principle that suggests that the most favored excited state is that whose wavefunction is most similar to the ground state.;;Franck(-)Condon (principle)
;;In his Hindu Places of Pilgrimage in India, S.M. Bhardwaj noted a connection between this deity's cult and the Aryanization of the coast and Gangetic plain. The sami tree is used in sacrifice to this god, who was known as "lord of the house" and may dwell in a rock. In the Atharvaveda, this figure is responsible for a task later attributed to Yama, transporting souls from their funeral pyres to one of the lokas. This deity was a dart emanating from Shiva in one myth and, in the Mahabharata, this god hid in the elemental waters and in a fig tree, and cursed the elephant with a bent tongue as punishment for revealing him. This son of Dyaus and husband of Svaha once fell asleep and neglected to halt the abduction of Puloma, the wife of Bhrigu, after this god stuffed his face with ghee. Worshipped during Holi, FTP, name this member of a Vedic trilogy with Vayu and Surya , who was the Hindu god of fire.;;Agni
;;In "Beyond the Economistic Fallacy," Fred Block and Margaret Somers examine the relation between this work's ideas and Marxism. This work claims that "The premium set on generosity is so great when measured in terms of social prestige as to make any other behavior than that of utter self-forgetfulness simply not pay." To argue against this work's theses, Deirdre McCloskey cites the inverse relationship between Mayan obsidian sources and the cutting length of resulting blades. The abolition of the Speenhamland Law and the creation of a labor market are discussed in the section "Satanic Mill", while a later discussion centers around "Disraeli's 'Two Nations' and the Problem of Colored Races." The work focuses on "embeddedness" of the economy in society and argues that the self-regulating market is an unnatural product of the industrial revolution. FTP, name this economic history by Karl Polanyi titled for a revolution change.;;(The) Great Transformation
;;One character in this work learns of how his midshipman ancestor was impaled on his own sword while sailing on the Marlborough during the Battle of the Saintes. In one section of this work, Catherine Weldon dies alone after unsuccessfully warning an Indian tribe not to join the Ghost Dance. Maljo starts the United Love Party in this work, and one character helps him get out the vote using his van named "The Comet." Another character owns a boat called "In God we Troust" and is moved after hearing "Buffalo Soldier" on the radio. The mystic Ma Kilman runs the No Pain Cafe and follows a line of ants to find a cure for the star shaped wound of Philoctetes in this novel, in which the beautiful Helen moves in with Hector after leaving Achille. FTP, name this epic poem, set in the West Indies, by Derek Walcott.;;Omeros
;;This operation is related to the autocorrelation function by the Wiener-Khinchin theorem, and its "fractional" extension is used as a noise filter and allows this operation to be applied a non-integer number of times. When p is between one and two inclusive, this operation goes from Lp to Lq [ell-pee to ell-queue] where q is the reciprocal of one minus one over p by the Hausdorff-Young inequality. This operation is extended to locally compact Abelian groups by the Pontryagin duality, and it is unitary by Parseval's theorem. The recursive Cooley-Tukey algorithm may be used to calculate a "discrete" one. This operation is applied to produce readable NMR spectra, and is defined such that g of zeta is equal to the integral over all x of the function of x times the exponential of negative two pi i x zeta. FTP, name this operation that moves from a time domain to a frequency domain.;;Fourier transform
;;One of these works was commissioned on the occasion of the composer's own fiftieth birthday; that composer wrote that he wished to include "earth, worms and misery, fortissimo and sordinos" while working on the first of three versions of that work. A C/F-sharp tritone figures prominently in the third of these works, and a melody imitating a swan call occurs in the final third movement of the fifth of these compositions. The first one opens with a solo clarinet rhapsody accompanied only by an extremely soft timpani roll; that rhapsody is recapitulated in the strings at the opening of the fourth movement, which is in E minor. The eighth one of these, much like the B minor eighth work of another composer, was unfinished, and material from it may have been reworked into the tone poem Tapiola. FTP, these are all what kind of orchestral composition by the composer of Finlandia?.;;symphonies (of) (Jean) Sibelius
;;This character is told "I think this tale would win my daughter too" after explaining how he wooed his wife with stories of "battles, sieges, fortunes." This character's final words confess his desire to "die upon a kiss," and he extinguishes a candle after telling himself to "Put out the light, and then put out the light." Another character refers to this man as "making the beast with two backs." This man's ensign confesses that he refuses to "wear my heart upon my sleeve. This character, who replaces Montano as the governor of Cyprus, is infamously warned to beware the "green-eyed monster" of jealousy. He marries the daughter of Brabanzio. FTP, name this commander of Cassio, a Shakespearian protagonist who's goaded by Iago into killing his wife Desdamona.;;Othello
;;In one paper, Crandall and Delord comment on the hyperbolic cosecant method for finding these. One method for calculating them ensures rapid convergence by employing only dipole and higher moments, the Evjen method, while a method that uses one sum in Fourier space and another in real space is the particle mesh variant of the Ewald summation. Their namesake names a model of hysteresis with Duhem. An expression for minimum equilibrium energy that invokes these in a term multiplied by one minus one over the Born exponent is found in the Born-Lande equation, which also gives lattice energy. These quantities are dependent only on the shape of a crystal structure, rather than the size and charge of ions comprising it. FTP, name these quantities used when approximating an ion as a point charge to find its electrostatic potential.;;Madelung (constants)
;;This man became the leader of his party when the so-called "Dollar Account affair" revealed that his predecessor's wife illegally maintained a U.S. bank account. When this politician was Director General of the Defense Ministry, Pinhas Lavon tried to place the blame for Operation Susannah upon him. This man agreed to a "rotation arrangement" in which he would trade Yitzhak Shamir the Prime Ministry for the Foreign Ministry within two years. As foreign minister, he initiated the negotiations that led to the Oslo Accords, and he became Prime Minister following the assassination of Yitzhak Rabin in 1995. FTP, name this left-wing Israeli politician who led Alignment as PM from 1984 to 1986, and who currently holds the post of President of Israel.;;(Shimon) Peres
;;One character in this film is asked by a convenience store clerk if she was on Cops, and another looks up the word "amends" in the dictionary. One character in this film sings an a capella version of Neil Young's "Unknown Legend." That character, Sydney, is played by Tunde Adebimpe, the frontman of TV on the Radio. The protagonist of this film interrupts a dishwashing contest by handing her father a plate made by Ethan, her younger brother who had drowned when she drove her car into a river. Rosemarie DeWitt plays the title character, whose sister Kym gets out of rehab to attend her wedding. FTP, name this Jonathan Demme film of 2008 starring Anne Hathaway.;;Rachel Getting Married
;;In one of this artist's works, a worker with a green smudge on his jeans raises a pickaxe amidst a pile of rubble. That work is The Demolisher, while the influence of Alfred Sisley is apparent in his early suburban landscapes like The Genevilliers Road. He titled several of his works after musical tempos like Larghetto, Allegro Maestoso and Presto. Those canvases reflect his love of sailing, and this artist of Women at the Well also composed a study entitled From Delacroix to Neo-Impressionism. In addition, he created a psychedelic portrait of the man who coined the term "neo-impressionism," in which that figure holds a top hat and flower and stands in front of eight spiraling fields. In addition to that Portrait of Felix Feneon, he painted a large pine tree at Saint-Tropez. FTP, name this painter who, along with Georges Seurat, developed the style of pointillism.;;(Paul) Signac
;;Old Crowe helps one character in this novel operate a Ouija board that gives her the word PHIL. One character leaves a message for his wife in a recording booth that says "God damn you, you little bitch, why can't you go back home for ever and let me be?" After betraying Kite to Colleoni, one character gets a job with the Daily Messenger hiding cards for a contest under the pseudonym Kolley Kibber. The antagonist of this work tries to destroy the only evidence linking him to the murder of Fred Hale by proposing a suicide pact with the waitress Rose, but the arrival of Ida Arnold prompts him to accidentally throw acid in his own face and jump off a cliff. FTP, name this novel about Pinkie Brown and his gang in the title British seaside town, a work by Graham Greene.;;Brighton Rock
